The Key Purpose of Research Paper on Deforestation

Research papers are one of the most common assignments college students have to tackle. And, it is important to understand the purpose of research paper before writing it. A research paper often targets some of the most problematic trends in the world. Today, with climate change, one of the biggest issues facing the planet, deforestation takes on a larger significance. Here is an outline of the key aims of a research paper on deforestation. Understanding the Concept The first aim of a research paper is to describe the general concept or idea to its audience. The first thing the research paper on deforestation will aim at is defining what it is as well as why it is important. Here, the paper will explain what deforestation means in the large and small scale, the extent of the problem, why it is considered an urgent problem, and what would happen if a solution would be found. The Scope The second aim of a research paper on deforestation would be to define the scope of the problem. Depending on the initial objectives, the research paper will have to outline just how serious the issue is today, and why things have changed, especially during the past few years. It will look at economic activity, culture and social pressures, and how these play into or facilitate the continued growth of deforestation. Further, the paper will investigate how much forest cover is available in different parts of the world. The Solutions There are various ways through which the problem of deforestation can be solved. There are reasons why each one is effective, and why some might not be appropriate for different regions. One possible objective of a research paper on deforestation would be to find out what the rest of the world is doing about the problem, how people in different locations have attempted to solve the issue as well as how it is working for them. This section might also look into the advantages, disadvantages, and long-term effects of the solutions found. The People Deforestation is a human problem, most of the loss of tree and forest cover happens because of human influence and activities. These activities are, in the long run, determined by attitudes and beliefs that people have about the forests around them. It might be useful to conduct research on the perspectives and points of view of people, especially those living in areas most affected by deforestation as well as on the subject of deforestation and forest preservation. Effects of Deforestation Most of the time, people do not realize the effects of deforestation until it is too late. It takes such research to show populations prone to deforestation the longer-term effects that their actions are going to result into. One of the objectives of such a research paper might be to illustrate the effects of deforestation both in the short and long term. In the end, the direction, usefulness, and effectiveness of the research paper will be determined by how well the objectives are formulated, how well they are fulfilled, and how useful the paper is for the target audience.

The Trial of Socrates an Analysis and Construction of...

The Trial of Socrates: An Analysis and Construction of Socrates Defense Understanding the decisions made by the jurymen in Socrates trial will always be a mystery, but one can perceive why some would have voted the way that they did. Politically and historically Athens was a thriving place of innovation and philosophical advancements. Athens could very well be divided, morally on various aspects, one of them being which â€Å"political† affiliation Athenians related themselves with. Some choices were between the Traditionalists, Sophists or an up and coming ideas of Socratics or Platonics. Militarily, during the life of Socrates, Athens was involved in the Peloponnesian Wars, a set of conflicts between Sparta and Athens, in which Athens†¦show more content†¦What Zeus! Are you mad? There is no Zeus.† This notion strongly suggested and became an aggravating factor in persuading the common juryman in the Athenian courtroom. Plays like the one made my Aristophanes only helped in his conviction because the common juryman was not we ll informed, at least politically, so plays like this can be used against Socrates in this instance in order to color in their verdict against Socrates. The next part of Socrates trial was the accusations regarding the corruption of the youth. Corruption of the youth would in modern times be hard to assess, but in Athenian times I feel it would be easy to conceive, due to the general public and their notions regarding Socrates methods were considered unorthodox. Socrates tries to substantiate his innocence primarily on the vagueness left by the prosecution at the trial. Socrates says, â€Å"†¦it can neither be teaching them the kind of â€Å"nonsense† about natural science which he is made to talk in the play of Aristophanes, nor exercising the calling of a professional sophist.† Essentially, Socrates tries to use some sort of comparison to substantiate his defense in the corruption of the youth allegations. Socrates later alludes to Meletus and others that politicians, such as themselves, are essentially incompetent politicians because he asks, â€Å"If his prosecutors would be candid, they would have to con fess that the alleged harm done to theShow MoreRelatedPhilosophy of Man8521 Words   |  35 Pagesof a particular theory or system. All this strikes rather ironical in view of the fact that, to the great Socrates; first of the founders of Western philosophy, the central theme of philosophy was not the world, but man. Socrates’ deep concern for the well-being of man makes him look like a prophet moving amongst the Greeks. In the celebrated Platonic Dialogue; the Apology, Socrates is reported to have gone to God, only to be graced with a special message for his fellow men. This Divine messageRead More The Culture Behind The Roman Empire, 43-306 C.E. Essay1919 Words   |  8 PagesRoman women seemed to be the more disadvantaged they only aspired to be head matrons (mother of all related families) (Holmes, 1931: 67). The Roman people adopted many philosophies from the ancient Greeks as well as their great philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. In a way, the ancient Greeks helped form the structure of the Roman society and. The empire of Rome based its society on â€Å"piety†. â€Å"Piety is the value system that embraced the devotion to the gods and to the members of one’sRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesproviding a voice of reason amidst all the consultancy excitement of seemingly new ways of costing the business world. He has played a similar role in the area of accounting standard setting, both taking forward the British tradition of the economic analysis of financial accounting and, of possibly greater significance, providing some very original analyses of the possibilities for meaningful accounting standardization. With an agenda as rich as this, it is all the more praiseworthy that Michael maintainedRead MoreLogic al Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesimply that somebody must both do and not do something. ────CONCEPT CHECK──── Which of the following, if any, are most likely not principles of logical reasoning? ï‚ · Dont accept inconsistent beliefs. ï‚ · You ought to give an argument in defense of what you want another person to believe. ï‚ · The degree of confidence you have in your reasons should affect the degree of confidence you have in your conclusion. ────4 Statements are logically inconsistent with each other if you can tellRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesThe LIS Education and Human Resource Utilization Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 The Organizational Framework for Staffing . . . . . . . . . 216 Job Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Job Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Job Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 Recruitment and Hiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Filling Vacant PositionsRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesLine 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 C ommunist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial Characteristics

Fundamentals of Law for Consumer Act - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write about theFundamentals of Law for Competition and Consumer Act. Answer: Most of the Australian Businesses uses television, radio, print media or internet as the means to advertise their products and services (Ahmad 2016). The Australian Consumer Law (ACL) is a part of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (The Act), aims at ensuring fair-trading and safeguarding the rights of the consumers. Issue Whether misleading or deceptive claims can be made with respect to the advertisement of the product Slendertone. Rule The Australian Consumer law (ACL) is applicable to persons which also includes business forms and corporations. Some of the provisions of the ACL is also applicable to consumers and some other provisions apply generally in trade and commerce (Pearson 2017). In respect to the issue arising in the given scenario, the ACL guarantees protection against unacceptable conduct such as deceptive or misleading contract under section 18 of the ACL and other specific forms of conduct such as false representations under section 29 of the ACL. As the issue identified in the scenario is related to advertising and selling, there are two essential rules pertaining to advertisement and selling under the Australian consumer law, which are as follows: A person is prohibited from engaging in a conduct that is likely to mislead or deceive; A person is prohibited from making any misleading or false statements or claims; However, these two rules often overlap with each other and a particular statement may be in contravention of both these rules. Section 18 of the ACL prevents a person from engaging into conduct that is misleading or deceptive or any conduct that creates false impression regarding the value, price or quality of services as was held in Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Telstra (2007). In order to establish that certain conduct was misleading or deceptive, the plaintiff must prove that the conduct leads the person into error and he relied on the misleading or deceptive conduct (Howells and Weatherill 2017). Such conduct has resulted in loss pr harm suffered by the plaintiff. Such conduct may include creating false impression using the words like free, puffery, silence instead of disclosing relevant information. However, the conduct does not have to be deliberate as was held in Google Inc v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2013] 249 CLR 435. The word likely to be deceiving or misleading stipulated under section 18 of ACL implies that the plaintiff need not prove whether the conduct had deceived or misled when the conduct is already considered as misleading or deceptive. In addition to the fact that a person is prohibited from engaging into misleading or deceptive conduct, it is unlawful for any business to make any false or misleading claims with respect to their concerned products or goods. A misrepresentation is a statement or claim, which is false or misleading that is made by one party to another party. These false or misleading claims are made through advertisements through TV, Radio, internet or print media that is prohibited under section 29 of the ACL in relation to composition, value or grade or quality of the goods or services as was ruled in Given v C Holland (Holdings) Pty Ltd [1977]. Any person aggrieved of any misleading conduct under section 18 of the ACL, the person shall be entitled to claim compensation under section 236 and in case any advertisement is misleading or deceptive, the aggrieved party shall be entitled to obtain an injunction order under sections 232-235 of the ACL. The other form of remedies that are available include modification or rescission of contract, infringement notices public warning notices, non-party consumer redress and disqualification notices under section 237 and 243 Australian Consumer Law. The ACCC exercises a range of compliance tools to prevent contravention of the Act including consumer education and work with agencies (Hunt 2015). The Act also provides the ACCC with a range of enforcement remedies such as court enforceable undertakings and court-based outcomes under section 87B of the Act. Application On the facts here, the advertisement of Slendertone claims to tone any part of the body and provide benefit of workout without working out. In practice, the product does not provide any of the benefits it promises to provide in the advertisement. The advertisement is in contravention of section 18 and section 29(1) of the Australian Consumer law. The advertisement involves conduct that is likely to mislead or deceive its targeted audience, which is prohibited by section 18 of the Act. This is because, the advertiser has created an impression that would lead several consumers into error who would relies on such conduct (Hunt 2015). It is a well-known fact that there are other consumers other than the targeted audience who may easily rely on the false impression and be deceived or misled as the overall impression created by the conduct is false. Under such circumstances, the aggrieved person may claim damages under section 236 or obtain injunction or compensatory order under section 23 7 of the Act. The advertisement is also in contravention of section 29(1) of the ACL as it made false or misleading claims with respect to the product Slendertone and its features. The company had used comparative advertising technique to promote the product and any reasonable person would rely on the false representation created by the advertisement and would be misled or deceived. Conclusion It can be concluded that the consumers under the Australian Consumer Law shall be entitled to damages or compensatory orders for the damage suffered or the loss caused by the product. Although the ACCC may accept court enforceable undertakings under section 87B of the Act or may issue an infringement notice against the person or company for commission of breach of section 18 and 29(1) of the Act, but it is better if the ACCC resort to litigation. The court may either make declaration about the breach committed by the company regarding slendertone or require the company to publish notice about their conduct and rectify the advertisements. The ACCC may seek monetary penalties against the company or claim conviction for such infringement. Reference List Ahmad, F., 2016. 07_False and Misleading advertisements-Legal Perspectives. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Telstra (2007) Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (The Act) Given v C Holland (Holdings) Pty Ltd [1977] Google Inc v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2013] 249 CLR 435 Howells, G. and Weatherill, S., 2017.Consumer protection law. Routledge. Hunt, K.M., 2015. Gaming the system: Fake online reviews v. consumer law.Computer Law Security Review,31(1), pp.3-25. Pearson, G., 2017. Further challenges for Australian consumer law. InConsumer Law and Socioeconomic Development(pp. 287-305). Springer, Cham.

White Tigers Essays - Tigers, Bengal Tiger, White Tiger, Leopard

White Tigers White Tigers English 3 White Tigers are a wonderful species in their own right. They are elegant and graceful, but at the same time are ready to fight for their right to survive. Today, in a world of destruction and growth, these tigers have tough day to day challenges they must face that are steadily growing worse as our society grows larger. What challenges do these magnifecent animals have to deal with in order to remain a species of elegance and grace and not just another history lesson? Is it possible for these tigers to meet these challenges, to adapt to the rapid changes in their surroundings? Can they overcome these challenges that have been thrown at them, these challenges that are decreasing their survival and slowly pushing their species to extincintion? White tigers are an endangered species and it is said that less than a dozen have been seen in India in about a hundred years. In fact no sightings have been reported since 1951. This may be caused that the Royal Bengal tiger population has dropped from 40,000 to 1, 800 in the past ten years, and as few as 1 in every 10,000 tigers is white (www.cranes.org/whitetigers.com). White tigers are neither albinos nor a special species; they differ from the normally colored tigers by having blue eyes, a pink nose, and creamy white fur with black stripes. Tiger's stripes are just like a human fingerprint, meaning that no two tigers have the same pattern of stripes. White tigers are not usually born from other white tigers. They get their color from double recessive allele. A Bengal tiger with two normal alleles or one normal or white allele is colored orange. Only a double dose of the mutant allele results in white tigers, and you can only imagine how often that happens (www.cranes.org/whiteti gers.com). The white tiger has long been the focus of human fear and respect for years, because of its powerful muscular body, loud roar and frightening snarl, revealing large sharp teeth, tigers spend all of their time alone (Thapar, 115). Each Tiger has its own territory, which it marks by scratching the barks off trees, spraying urine, and leaving piles of feces (cavendish, 696). Males are particularly aggressive toward other males and in some cases fights result in death of the weaker tiger. Their territories may contain 3 or 4 females, but in most cases the area extends to over 40 SQ miles (dutemple, 15). Tigers are nocturnal animals and prefer to hunt their food under cover of dense vegetation. They hunt their prey by stalking silently through the trees in a low crouch until it is within 66 ft (mcclung, 107). The tiger then bounds forward, knocking it's victim over with a swipe of it's huge forepaw and pouncing on the victims back as it falls to the ground (cavendish, 696). Tigers never c reep up on their prey in the same direction as the wind is blowing, doing this may result in loss of their dinner (morris, 87). Once it has made a kill it then drags the dead carcas under cover before beginning to feed (Morris, 87). As the tiger eats it will make loud growling and snaraling noises to warn off the predetors in the area ( Thapar, 52). If for some reason the tiger has to leave its dinner before it is done eating it will cover the carcas with twigs to ensure it's meal when it returns (Morris, 88). Tigers need to eat 40 pounds of meat a day and will commonly cover up to 12 miles each night in search of prey (McClung, 150). Tigers usually eat deer, young rhino's, baby elephants, domestic animals at near by farms, and occasionaly leapords (Morris, 88). Once in a while, you know when it is in the moods for a snack with a little flavor to it, it will eat a human being. Although this is much less common than you think, tigers are actually very shy and try to steer clear from humans (Morris, 88). Once a tiger has reached 3 to 4 years old, they are old enough to breed. Tigers usually breed every two to three years, and the female is the one

Pressure Groups †Amnesty International Essay Essays

Pressure Groups – Amnesty International Essay Essays Pressure Groups – Amnesty International Essay Essay Pressure Groups – Amnesty International Essay Essay In Great Britain. the figure of political parties is really little. whereas the figure of force per unit area groups runs into 1000s ; as the rank of political parties has fallen. that of force per unit area groups has increased. The purpose of all force per unit area groups is to act upon the people who really have the power to do determinations. A force per unit area group is an organized group that seeks to act upon the authorities determinations or protect or progress a peculiar cause or involvement. Groups may advance a specific issue and raise it up the political docket. Pressure groups are sometimes able to garner sufficient support to coerce authorities to amend or even scrap statute law. For illustration. in March 1998 around 300. 000 people went to London to protest about the Labour government’s rural policies – the ‘Countryside March’ – the authorities reacted by denoting programs for a Ministry of Rural Affairs and by printing a white pap er look intoing all facets of rural life. In return. these groups have an input into the devising of determinations. My presentation is chiefly focused on the one of the most influential force per unit area group and human rights administration in the universe. called Amnesty International. Amnesty International is a world-wide motion of people who run for internationally recognized human rights to be respected and protected for everyone. It undertakes research and takes action aimed at forestalling and stoping sedate maltreatments of these rights. demanding that all authoritiess and other powerful entities respect the regulation of jurisprudence. It campaigns globally and locally. Amnesty International members and protagonists exert influence on authoritiess. political organic structures. Militants take up human rights issues by mobilising public force per unit area through mass presentations. vigils. direct lobbying. publication and publicity of research findings. human rights instruction or co-operation with pupil groups. Amnesty International works with and for persons the universe over. For illustration. it takes action to: halt force against adult females or get rid of the decease punishment. Ever since Amnesty International started runing in 1961. it has worked around the Earth to halt the maltreatment of human rights. In 1961 Peter Benenson launched a worldwide run. ‘Appeal for Amnesty 1961’ with the publication of a outstanding article. ‘The Forgotten Prisoners’ . The imprisonment of two Lusitanian pupils. who had raised their vino spectacless in a toast to freedom. moved Benenson to compose this article. His entreaty was reprinted in other documents across the universe and turned out to be the generation of Amnesty International. The first international meeting was held in July. with delegates from Belgium. the UK. France. Germany. Ireland. Switzerland and the US. They decided to set up â€Å"a lasting international motion in defense mechanism of freedom of sentiment and religion† . On Human Rights Day. 10 December. the first Amnesty taper was lit. In January 1962 the first research trip was undertaken. This trip to Ghana. was followed by Czechoslovakia in February ( on behalf of a captive of scruples ) . and so to Portugal and East Germany. Furthermore. At a conference in Belgium. a determination was made to put up a lasting organisation that will be known as Amnesty International. During all these old ages Amnesty International has undertaken many of the runs and actions and developed human rights. It broaden its district and became one of the most stronger human rights defender. In January 1969. UNESCO granted Amnesty International advisory position as the organisation reached another milepost – 2. 000 captives of scruples released. In 1977 the administration was awarded Nobel Peace Prize for its â€Å"campaign against torture† . and the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights in 1978. After 30 old ages the organisation broaden its range to cover work on maltreatments by armed resistance groups. surety pickings and people imprisoned due to their sexual orientation. Thousands of Amnesty International members respond to Urgent Action entreaties on behalf of persons at immediate hazard. Publicity through the intelligence media and the cyberspace takes its message in many linguistic communications to 1000000s of people. It is an administration independent of any authorities. political political orientation. economic involvement or faith. it is democratic and autonomous and financially self-sufficing. Amnesty International has more than 2. 8 million members. protagonists and endorsers in over 150 states and districts. in every part of the universe. It has offices in 80 states around the universe. for illustration in Sweden. Senegal or Bangladesh. Amnesty International research squads concentrating on peculiar states and subjects investigate studies of human rights maltreatments. cross checking and confirming information from a broad assortment of beginnings and contacts. It receives information from many beginnings. including: captives and others enduring other human rights maltreatments and their representatives. attorneies and journalists. refugees. community workers and human rights organisations and guardians All Amnesty International candidacy and research is fact based. Among the many activities it carry out. it sends experts to speak with victims. observes tests. proctors planetary and local media. publicise its concerns in paperss. cusps. postings. advertizements. newssheets and web sites. Amnesty International’s current six twelvemonth ( 2010 -2016 ) scheme aims to authorise rights-holders whose rights are challenged and beef up the human rights motion.

Sparrow Essay Example

Sparrow Essay Example Sparrow Essay Sparrow Essay Sparrow Essay Sparrow by Norman MacCaig is a short poem, which introduces us to the concept of the harshness and dangers of nature, and the birds which live in it. The poem focuses on a sparrow being a streetwise fighting survivalist, in comparison to other, more exotic birds, which share his habitat. The author uses comparisons between birds and humans, giving the birds human like qualities. The poem starts off with hes no artist, which is very negative and straight to the point. This gives us an initial image of the sparrows uncreative and average ways. Right from the opening line, the sparrows skills and deemed unworthy. This image is then further enhanced when we are told that his taste in clothes is more dowdy than gaudy. This is referring to his feathers as very boring and unstylish, as if they were cheap, uncleansed clothing, and he would rather these than expensive, extravagant clothing. The author then goes on to compare the sparrow to a bird of the higher class, the blackbird. It is said to be writing pretty scrolls on the air with the gold nib of his beak, which shows the graceful and elegant movement of the blackbird as it flies through the sky. This is a direct contrast to the sparrow (hes no artist). The blackbird is being compared to a fountain pen, which is seen as a luxury, and is Judged on its style, rather than its ability. This is also the case with the sparrow. Gold relates to wealth and reflects on the blackbirds superiority over the sparrow. It is then said that the blackbird would call the sparrows nest a slum. This shows that the nest is small and dirty, which is not up to the blackbirds standards. The second stanza initially focuses on poetic and beautiful language to show how the more graceful birds live. MacCaig uses alliteration here (stalk solitary and sing solitary) which is very effective and adds to he delicate, melodic language of the stanza. This then leads on to an anti-climactic ending which explains that the sparrow would rather a punch up in the gutter. This implies that the sparrow is nothing more than a street fighter by introducing an element of violence, and shows that nature can have destructive forces within it. Norman MacCaig shows us that the sparrow only cares for survival skills, as he carries what learning he has lightly. He has no need for artistic or any other skills that other birds may have. It is said that he is a proletarian bird, which shows that e is very common, working class, and certainly no scholar. He only needs to know what is useful to him for survival. The final stanza starts with but when the winter soft-shoes in which introduces a change in direction. This is a use of personification, and makes winter sound as if it had crept up behind the birds without them even noticing. This emphasises the dangers of the winter season for the birds. The other birds are then identified as ballet dancers, musicians, architects. These are the artistic birds that, instead of learning basic survival skills, they gracefully fly around ballet dancers), make beautiful music with their songs (musicians), and build impressive nests (architects). It is this point when the true harsh nature of the winter is revealed, as it is said that these birds die in the snow and freeze to branches. Despite all their impressive aspects, they do not have the practical skills like the sparrow. The sparrow inevitably survives the winter, and the other birds are said to watch him happily flying on the O-levels and A-Levels of the air. The poet uses humorous irony here, as it relates to school grades. This also once again, relates back o the human comparison, and makes a very effective ending for the poem. Sparrow by Norman MacCaig provides us with a different insight into nature, and characterises the sparrow, which would normally be considered as Just another common bird. The poet, through a variety of writing techniques, describes the beauty and harshness of nature, and the character of the sparrow, and other birds. Throughout the poem, MacCaig shows us that there is no shame in being a common, working class person. When danger arises, it is the common man that will have the practical skills, and strength of character to survive.

Instructional Strategies for ELL Classrooms Essay - 5

Instructional Strategies for ELL Classrooms - Essay Example Research indicate that giving right instructions makes student grasp fast what is being taught as opposed to giving unstructured instructions. This paper will address instructional strategies that need to be employed by teachers for English Language Learners (ELL) classroom. Sheltered instruction is noted to be a very effective strategy to use in ELL classrooms. Sheltered Instructions refers to the instructional activities that ensure that contents are made available and comprehensible for English language learners. Sheltered instruction exists in a variety of models, one such being the Sheltered Instruction Observation protocol (SIOP). Research indicate that teachers who make use of SIOP in planning for their lesions tend to become more effective in connecting language and contents when giving instructions to ELL. In addition, the use of SIOP makes them feel very much being in charge of their career development resulting in the teacher’s ability to incorporate diverse proficiency levels in the teaching rooms. SIOP has several strategic components useful for planning ELL (Wallace, 2004). The first strategy according to SIOP is that teachers must start by defining the language objectives, which is then shared with the learners (Echevarria, Vogt and Short, 2004). This ensures that teachers and learning become objective oriented. In addition, setting teaching objectives ensures that all contents relevant for the lesion is covered within the stipulated timeframe. It also enables teachers to easily, identify forms, structure and functions that need to be taught and setting attainable targets for the ELL students (Echevarria, Vogt and Short, 2004). Research indicates that teachers who have used language objective strategies in their lesions have helped native English-speaking learners who are finding it hard coping with academic demands of English language. For this to happen,

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Case Study Essay

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Case Study - Essay Example Customer relationship management (CRM) is an approach to managing a company's interaction with current and potential future customers. It tries to analyze data about customers' history with a company and to improve business relationships with customers, specifically focusing on customer retention and ultimately driving sales growth. This essay approves that overly can link a branch’s revenues with the level of successful CRM achieved by the use of Oracle CRM technology, which can, in turn, be assessed from the customer satisfaction assessment surveys. In this strategy, the branch that has the most satisfied customers gains a larger share in the profit as compared to others. This would motivate the leaders to take the necessary steps to incorporate the Oracle CRM technology in the organizational work setup. No change is effective without a carefully designed change management plan in place. This paper makes a conclusion that the branch managers should conduct meetings with their staff to make them aware of the need and significance of incorporating the Oracle CRM technology in the work setup so that the subordinates understand them and do the needful to make the plan useful and effective. In addition to that, Overly needs to provide the staff at all branches with the training and education required to operate the portal. Providing the staff with an opportunity of maximizing their earnings and gaining training and education for free are some of the most effective ways of quick development of an enterprise-wide CRM mechanism.

Expression of a persons mental state Essay Example for Free

Expression of a persons mental state Essay Emotions, feelings and intuition is the expression of a persons mental state, normally based on the persons internal (physical) and external (social), sensory feeling.[8]  We use emotions to determine our personal state of mind, we can be angry, sad and confused; and through emotion we can arrive at the truth that we are depressed. Regardless this truth only remains legitimate if the causes of the emotions remain constant. Likewise in the case we change the context of the situation, such as instead of it raining it were sunny, that person wouldnt feel as depressed and a new truth would emerge. Ethics is the study of morality; analysing if behaviour, thoughts and actions are good or right as opposed to bad and wrong.[9] Ethics plays a major role in the modern world as every public and social source, especially the media, are advertising what is nice and evil, good and bad, right and wrong. It is like the legal system, but it is more vague and theoretical also the consequences tend to be social as opposed to being sent to jail. Ethics are open to interpretation by each individual each society or even a culture as a whole. Where in the majority of Western countries it is seen as morally wrong to have more than two wives as well as illegal, in some Arab countries such as Kuwait and Saudi Arabia it is acceptable to have more than one wife if you can support them. Sometimes the more wives you marry, the more money you must have, therefore the wealthier you are.[10] It is interesting to see how a large amount of people can interpret the same truth, such as in this case, which was brought to my attention by a guide during my stay in China. The use of footbinding on 6 year old girls in China during 1,000 years to impress the Emperor[11], was at the same time interpreted completely differently by an entire society. Westernized countries have never deformed their bodies, for status, erotic or social reasons as it is seen as morally wrong. It all depends on the context, and in this case it is the different backgrounds, cultures and beliefs of the two societies. History is the objective study and interpretation of information about the past.[12] To any historian a vital area of focus is the validity of sources to arrive at a truth. For example an unedited video would be considered reliable as it shows what happened without any tampering of the source as opposed to a journal, which could be biased.  However if the source is biased does it mean the truth is no longer valid ? For example when I was a little kid my parents (the source) used to tell me the Three Kings would come every January bearing presents and so they did. To me at the time it seemed as a truth and it was still valid, because I got my presents. Its not until we change the context, e.g.: present day, that the truth loses all its validity. This shows that the truth we derive from the validity of the sources is completely relative depending in the context which it is presented in, which means that the truths we know now may not be considered truths in the future.  Mathematics is a science dealing with logic and aim to derive theorems from axioms.[13] Whether it was discovered or invented we will never know, however one thing is certain; maths is highly influential in our day to day life; for example, technology, finance and architecture. We assume that mathematics provides us with an absolute truth; 1 + 1 = 2  However during my IGCSE course I experienced the ambiguity of maths (in the following example), which since then has left me thinking, if we could continue using maths as a source for truth.  The fraction 1/3 when written as a decimal number is .333 where the dots indicate that the sequence of 3s is infinite.  Thus we might write the equation:  1/3 = .3333  Multiplying both sides by 3 we get:  1 = .999  Therefore:  1 + 1 = 2 We know the first equation is a truth as we have been taught this in school and the world of mathematics revolves around that equation being valid. However using mathematical induction and rationalisation we have induced that the last equation is also valid. Nonetheless we arrive to the conclusion that they both can not be equal in a same frame of reference.  Once again Margaret Atwood, shows that the truth as we know it, cant be absolute as it varies depending on the context in which it is proposed. Answering the question Does this mean that there is no such thing as truth ? I believe there is always a truth as depending on the context, any situation can be manipulated to arrive at a truth. However I dont think Universality[14]; an idea which is universal, and exists everywhere, throughout the Universe nor an Absolute Truth exists, as the value of every thought changes depending on the context. As the Relativists would say; its all Relative.  I think a more appropriate title would have been: Does this mean there is no such thing as an absolute truth ? as the use of Context is all allows for there always to be a truth but not one that is absolute. Bibliography: Atwood, M. (1996), The Handmaids Tale. Vintage (pg. 202) http://dictionary.reference.com

Childhood Depression :: Psychological Treatment for Depressed Students

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most adults and many children and adolescents have a few bad days here and there, sometimes three or four in a row. When this happens, your mood is bad, you feel like jumping on people for nothing. You sleep, but you do not rest. You eat, but you are not hungry. Your life is one big chore. Everything that was fun is work and what usually is work is like walking with lead boots. Often you have stomach aches, headaches, aching, dizziness and other symptoms, but the doctors can not find anything wrong. When family and friends want to talk, you do not listen. If you can, you stay alone and wish they would all just go away. And you think about what you have got to do, and you wish you could put it off for ever. And about what you have done, and about what could go wrong, and how you could never live like this for 30 more years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Of course not everyone has all those symptoms every time. When people are clinically depressed, they have this for weeks, months, and often years. Nearly everyone knows someone who has been severely depressed as 6% of the world's population has had an episode of severe depression like this. Suicide occurs in 15% of depressed people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Depression in school-age children may be one of the most overlooked and under treated psychological disorders of childhood, presenting a serious mental health problem. Depression in children has become an important issue in research due to its many emotional forms, and its relationship to self-destructive behaviors. Depressive disorders are of particular importance to school psychologists, who are often placed in the best position to identify, refer, and treat depressed children. Procedures need to be developed to identify depression in students to avoid allowing those children struggling with depression to go undetected. Depression is one of the most treatable forms of disorders, with an 80-90% chance of improvement if individuals receive treatment (Dubuque, 1998). On the other hand, if untreated, serious cases of depression in childhood can be severe, long, and interfere with all aspects of development, relationships, school progress, and family life (Janzen, & Saklofske, 1991).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The existence of depression in school-age children was nearly unrecognized until the 1990's. In the past, depression was thought of as a problem that only adults struggled with, and if children did experience it, they experienced depression entirely different than adults did. Childhood Depression :: Psychological Treatment for Depressed Students   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most adults and many children and adolescents have a few bad days here and there, sometimes three or four in a row. When this happens, your mood is bad, you feel like jumping on people for nothing. You sleep, but you do not rest. You eat, but you are not hungry. Your life is one big chore. Everything that was fun is work and what usually is work is like walking with lead boots. Often you have stomach aches, headaches, aching, dizziness and other symptoms, but the doctors can not find anything wrong. When family and friends want to talk, you do not listen. If you can, you stay alone and wish they would all just go away. And you think about what you have got to do, and you wish you could put it off for ever. And about what you have done, and about what could go wrong, and how you could never live like this for 30 more years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Of course not everyone has all those symptoms every time. When people are clinically depressed, they have this for weeks, months, and often years. Nearly everyone knows someone who has been severely depressed as 6% of the world's population has had an episode of severe depression like this. Suicide occurs in 15% of depressed people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Depression in school-age children may be one of the most overlooked and under treated psychological disorders of childhood, presenting a serious mental health problem. Depression in children has become an important issue in research due to its many emotional forms, and its relationship to self-destructive behaviors. Depressive disorders are of particular importance to school psychologists, who are often placed in the best position to identify, refer, and treat depressed children. Procedures need to be developed to identify depression in students to avoid allowing those children struggling with depression to go undetected. Depression is one of the most treatable forms of disorders, with an 80-90% chance of improvement if individuals receive treatment (Dubuque, 1998). On the other hand, if untreated, serious cases of depression in childhood can be severe, long, and interfere with all aspects of development, relationships, school progress, and family life (Janzen, & Saklofske, 1991).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The existence of depression in school-age children was nearly unrecognized until the 1990's. In the past, depression was thought of as a problem that only adults struggled with, and if children did experience it, they experienced depression entirely different than adults did.

Pc Repair Documentation(Sample) Essay

Ronel’s PC Repair lacks an accounting system, thus, profit or loss of the entity cannot be determined. The business is also often close because the owner usually attends home services. There is no business permit Objective of the Engagement To provide the best service available to the community at an affordable price and to have constant growth in sales by designing an accounting system best suited to the business so the operating performance is measured accurately. To help the owner in managing his business by hiring an apprentice To assist the owner in applying business license for his business operation Statement of Facts Personal Market Research by the owner indicates an attractive niche for the services of which PC Repair will take full advantage. The very nature of technological advancement, creates a constant need for businesses skilled in updating and advising customer on computer-related issues Our group has conducted an interview of the owner’s clientele; we’ve found out that 9 out of 10 customers are dissatisfied with other existing repair shop such as electronics repair shop, the one that’s nearest to the owner’s home office, considering the prices that they offer In addition, the owner stated that he will focus mainly on the small business market since the legality of its existence is still questionable since he hasn’t applied for a business permit, and as these customer typically don’t have a full-time IT person, but have full time IT needs Upon observation, there is no assistant employed to help him with the customers especially when he is not around. Moreover, customer are seeking skilled help with everything from installation of software and hardware components, to networking, to transferring files from an old computer to a new one, Findings and Conclusion Since there is no accounting system, determination of profit and loss are impossible because there is no recording of transaction especially for a proprietor who carries volume of transaction. It would be more convenient as a start up to use single entry method to record his transaction. In Single-entry bookkeeping transactions are recorded in registers with most transactions requiring only a single line to record the transaction. Marketing strategy will be implemented as well to promote the growth of the business and eventually hire an assistant to help the owner in managing the business and apply his business permit Recommendation: We recommend the use of Single-entry systems in the interest of simplicity. They are usually less expensive to maintain than double-entry systems because they do not require the services of a trained person. In addition, we will also recommend the owner to hire an assistant to help him; perhaps one of his apprentices before can be hired and to apply his business permit in the near future

Transition Highschool to College

Sandra kindete A Transition from High school to College Education is a general form of learning and gaining knowledge from different people and places. In United States high school and college are the main educational grounds that help people to achieve their goal and enhance their knowledge. From my personal experience, transition from high school to college was not only an exciting experience but also a challenging one because it was a struggle for me to adjust and cope into new environment and rules. There are many differences; however, there are some similarities between high school and college.High school is a free educational ground. First of all, work load in high school is much easier which enables students to get enough time to relax. Students spend more than 6 hours in week with their teacher and they are mostly guided and directed through everything. Their workloads tend to neither be complicated nor hard; thus, they get most of their homework assignments done in class whi ch provides them time to relax. For example, In my math class (pre calculus), my teacher spend one and half class period teaching and leave the rest of the 30 minutes for us to catch with assignments.Since I am never behind with completing my assignments ;Instead of me sitting and relaxing ,I use the 30 minutes to complete my homework assignment, so that I wouldn’t have any homework assignment. In addition, responsibilities and duties in high school tend to be much easier and not complicated. High school teachers frequently remind their students to do their homework and to turn it in on the due date; nevertheless, if you haven’t completed your assignment on the due date, you can still turn it in any other day and lose some points.For instance, at the beginning of my senior year, I was slacking off; I wasn’t turning in my homework assignment and even though, I turned it in: it was late. As the days, went by my GPA was starting to drop because of various reasons b ut mainly was not turning in my homework assignments on the due date or not turning them in at all. Later on that day, I decided to go and talk to my teacher to see if she will give me a chance for turning them in and receiving a late credit for them. Luckily, since it was high school, my teacher was more relaxed and flexible, so she gave me late credit for them.Furthermore; in high school, your time is organized by either your parents or counselor. Throughout my high school years, my schedule was arranged by my counselor. Also I could always count on my parents and teachers to guide and remind me on completing my duties. For instance; In morning, my parents always wake me up for school, so that I didn’t miss my bus and when I am home they ask me or remind me to complete my homework assignment. In addition, students have limited resources and materials in school for studying. College, on other hand, is an expensive educational ground of learning and experiencing new materials and cultures.College students are older and matured, so they are expected to be responsible and their work load is more intense and difficulty. College students spend less time with their professors. During my first year of college, I had an essay paper assignment that was due 11:59 am the exact day . Since, we spend less time with our professor in class, I barely had time to brainstorm some ideas or pre write my essay in class. As the result, I did most of my assignments and studying outside of class. Moreover, in my first year of college, at the beginning of the semester, my professor gave us an assignment that was due 11:59p. the same day. But since, it was my first year of college and I was learning how cope with the intense work load and manage my time. It was difficult for me to catch up with my homework assignment on time because I had a lot of assignment and not only I couldn’t organize my studying time but also I spend majority of the time hanging out with friends; as a consequence, I didn’t turn in some of my homework’s on time; therefore, I ended up getting a zero on my assignments. As a college student, you are excepted to responsible for managing of your own time and turning in assignments on the due date.Lastly, when you in college, you are considered as an adult. You set up your own schedule with the help of an advisor. You get to manage your own time and determine what time you want to study and what time you want to hang out with your friends. In addition, colleges always have endless resources of studying in the school. Overall, college students have control on their lives; you make your own decisions and choices. In conclusion; a transition from high school to college can be a difficulty and a challenging experience ecause in high school, most of your time is either managed by your parents or teachers, so students barely have control on their lives and they more relaxed; however it’s a mainly free educational gro und where students first get to learn and enhance their knowledge. College, on other hand, is an expensive and diverse educational ground. College students are considered as adult, so you are responsible for your own choices and actions. In college, not only you get to have control on your life but also you also get to meet different people and share, experience and learn different cultures.

Early American Labor Unions essays

Early American Labor Unions essays Subsequent to the Civil War, the Second Industrial Revolution occurred, bringing in swarms of immigrants who consented to procure factory jobs with minimal pay. Radical ideas concerning labor were formed in Europe over time, and the immigrants assimilated those ideas into the American Labor System. Organized labor from 1875 to the end of the century was relatively successful, given that it is viewed as a beginning to a new form of workers influence. Such success though was not achieving without sacrifice and drudgery; for there were innumerous challenges and difficulties faced during the fight for employees rights. A large factor in the outcome of this so-called revolution was the opinion of the American people. As stated in the New York Times, the people were pro-strikers when on the Baltimore and Ohio Road. Some though were suspicious of the true meaning of these unions. Nasts cartoon inversely depicts the strikers as communists, trying to undermine capitalism thus challenging the accepted thought of the times. The Gospel of Wealth theory at this junction was also popular. It assumed that those willing to work could make it big, and the poor were in such state due to their lack of effort. In even greater lengths to spoil the plight of labor unions, the latter was associated with socialism as well as anarchy in a cartoon depicted by Frank Leslies Illustrated Newspaper. Despite the fact most unions collapsed (Knights, NLU, and ARU) during rough times, their demise was not in vain. After the Railroad strike of 1877 employers were made to think thoroughly and carefully before negatively tampering with wages. A pre-Civil War demand or a 10 hour work day was almost achieved. The AFL survived the depressions of the 1890s and by 1901 encompassed 1/3 of workers. Pension plans were provided by a number of large corporate companies such as the Baltimore and Ohio Railroads. The Second Industria...

Friedrich and German Romanticism essays

Friedrich and German Romanticism essays The period of German Romanticism broke the individualist and rationalistic thinking of the Autklarung, advancing aesthetic ideals that transcended reason and exalted art. The flourishing of this period can be characterized in numerous ways, one of which is through a glimpse in the life of German Romantic artists such as the famous landscape painter Caspar David Friedrich (see appendix 1). To a large extent, the content and abstraction of Friedrich's works mirror the Romanticist idealism in Germany during his time, as reflected in his compositions such as the allegorical oil paintings Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog (1818) and Stages of Life (1835) (see appendix 2 and 3). In these works, the artist took a great deal in transforming landscape paintings from objectivism to an intense and emotional depiction of man, nature and the metaphysical. Meanwhile, the dynamism of his life as an artist is as intense as his works of art. On one hand, he suffered from considerable criticisms and during his time, he was not able to gain the wide approval the public. On the other hand, he was also praised by many of his contemporaries in the Romantic Era due to his artistic, philosophical and aesthetic treatment of his works. In any case, he still remained as one of the most staple and distinguished figures of the Romantic Movement in Germany. This paper further examines on these contexts in the subsequent sections. A discussion on the artistry of Friedrich can begin no less than through a brief discussion on his biography. In essence, Friedrich had a life replete with both triumphs and adversities; his early life began in a series of tragedies and it ended with him being half-mad. Born on September 5, 1774, in Greifswald, Swedish Pomerania, on Germany's Baltic coast, Friedrich was the sixth out of the ten children, raised in a strictly Lutheran family (Collins). Unlike the trouble-free childhood experi...

Environmental issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Environmental issues - Essay Example The amount is relatively high when compared to other developed nations. The reasons for unsustainable cost are due to pressure on health institutions that arises due to excessive admissions. The health system has not invested enough in primary care, and health promotion thus reducing preventative measures. The high cost of services and low quality of care is critical for Americans. In recent past, the system concentrated on secondary and tertiary care. As noted, the primary care system is underdeveloped. The need to offer affordable care to all citizens regardless of their economic status prompted reforms in the health sector. The reforms include the Medicare Bill and the Affordable Care Act that aimed to cover the inefficiencies and equal access to healthcare. Successive governments have been under pressure to mitigate the drawbacks in the health system. The proposed and implemented options include health insurance, health promotion and advocating primary care as a means to reduce pressure on health

Service Quality & Customer Satisfaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Service Quality & Customer Satisfaction - Essay Example Yet when they asked for the manager in order to voice their concerns they were told that, the manager was out on a meeting. Still they had no lack in talking to other staff in the restaurant. Lastly, the contact between staff and the client has the component of perceived command in both par ¬ties. The staff intends to control the conduct of the client to render their own job more practicable and less demanding; similarly, the consumer is attempting to obtain control over service encounter to obtain the most gain from it (Zeithaml 2010).For instance the staff who had told the students that the manager was unavailable must have said this so us to make her work easier. While the students wanted to complain to the manger in order to get a good service. Supremely, the 3 parties benefit much by functioning together to generate a useful service encounter. The decisive moment may be dysfunctional; conversely, the minute one party controls the interface by focusing exclusively on her or his own manipulation of the service encounter.The extent of subjective features of consumer service hinges on the compliance of the anticipated gain with the alleged result. This then relies upon the client's expectation concerning the service they may receive in addition to the service giver’s talent and ability to deliver this expected service. Prosperous Companies add reimbursements to their delivery that not only please the clients but also delight and surprise them. Delighting clients is a question of surpassing their expectations. Quality service can be linked to service prospective (for instance, worker's skills); service process (for instance, the rapidity of service) in addition to service result (client satisfaction). The quality service of the Burger King Restaurant is poor except for the part where the staffs are polite and courteous. The environment setting of the restaurant was not accommodative for the university students. They could not obtain a table large enoug h to cater for

Documentary Cinema Response Journals Movie Review

Documentary Cinema Response Journals - Movie Review Example Glass (1958) was a short documentary film of the Netherlands, which was directed by Bert Haanstra who was a Dutch director.The main plot of the film surrounded the glass industry of Netherlands. The film was allowed its viewers to reciprocate with handmade crystals of Dutch society, in contrary to the machine made a portion of Royal Leerdam Glass Factory with automated machines that facilitated bottle making. Haanstra’s strong stylistic interventions depicted the film through a polemical space. He has used essential origins of film language, which includes the image, sounds, and montage. My point of view regarding the documentary was largely focused on a diversified range of music jazz to techno. In the short segment of time in this documentary, artisans created various glass goods by their own hands and added up to the mass production of diversified glass product of Netherlands. According to the viewers, this short documentary film often acclaimed to be a perfect short docume ntary that successfully spun around the subject and aligned the overall basic plot of the movie. The House is Black (1962) was an Iranian short documentary film, directed by Forough Farrokhzad. The film reflected on the other side of life and suffering in a leper colony as well as focused on the human condition in reflection to the beauty of creation that has been depicted in the documentary. The director Farrokhzad, used some quotation from the Old Testament, as well as Quran along with her own poetry. This poetic feel gave this film a versatile dimension that was absent in the other similar types of documentary films. The artistic views of the poet also reflected from the unique selection of the name of the film that was aligned with the needs of the subject. The documentary based on the story of the â€Å"Behkadeh Rail colony†. The director has directed only one film throughout her life. Additionally, this particular film has been successful in developing an attention outside Iran, after its release, the film was successfully recognized as a milestone of Iranian film Industry. Many of

Victims’ Rights and Vengeance Essay Example for Free

Victims’ Rights and Vengeance Essay There have been many alterations to the legal rights and assistance programs to better serve victims of crime. In every state, there are considerable rights in order to protect these victims. The statues of Victims’ rights influence how the victims are treated within the criminal justice system. â€Å"This was the key goal of the sweeping changes in the 2004 Crime Victims Act (CVRA), which became the â€Å"cutting edge of the third wave of victims’ rights.† (B. YU.L.Rev, 2005). â€Å"There are eight basic rights that crime victims have, the section 3771(a) provides these rights: 1. The right to be reasonably protected from the accused. 2. The right to reasonably, accurate, and timely notice of any public court proceeding, or any parole proceeding, involving the crime or of any release of escape of the accused. 3. The right not to be excluded from any such public court proceeding, unless the court, after receiving clear and convincing evidence, determines that testimony by the victim would be materially altered if the victim heard other testimony at that proceeding. 4. The right to be reasonably heard at any public proceeding in the district court involving release, plea, sentencing, or any parole proceeding. 5. The reasonable right to confer with the attorney for the Government in the case. 6. The right to full and timely restitution as provided by law. 7. The right to proceedings free from unreasonable delay. 8. The right to be treated with fairness and with respect for the victim’s dignity and privacy.† (Cohen, 2006). â€Å"The CVRA provides that victims may choose to have their own attorney and seek to assert the rights to be present and participate in the criminal proceeding. In the district court, a victim may make a motion for relief, including a motion to reopen a plea  agreement. (18 U.S.C  § 3771 (d) (5).) If the district court denies a victims motion, the CVRA provides for an expedited appellate review process. (Maryland also allows the victim to be represented by an attorney before the appellate courts. A crime victim may petition for a writ of mandamus, and the court of appeals must decide the petition within seventy two hours† (Mermelstein, M. Amer, S. M. (2013). The CVRA â€Å"contemplates active review of orders denying crime victims’ rights claims even in routine cases.† (Boland and Butler, 2009). â€Å"The 2004 Crime Victims Act (CVR A) came into effect to make sure that the victims were properly being taken care of and had an option to voice when it came to the defendant who victimized them. This law has been threatened many times. This law has also been amended many times as well. According to the Crime Victims’ Rights Act 18 U.S. C.  § 3771. This law allows the victim to be protected against the accuser. Sometimes this law is violated and the victim is not treated fairly. Most of the states have set laws as well as constitutional amendments that will make sure that the victims are protected within the criminal justice system. â€Å"Many victims try to assert their rights only to be turned down by the court†, (Boland and Butler, 2009) and in my opinion the judicial system has not upheld the law by not allowing that victims receive the full justice they very well deserve. In my opinion about vengeance, it is never appropriate in any circumstance, even with breaking the law. â€Å"This mortal vengeance seems a natural response but, as the myth makes clear, it invites further vengeance. The second truth, therefore, is that murder answered by revenge inspir es revenge in its turn. To this cycle of retributive vengeance there is no end. In other words of Mohandas Gandhi, â€Å"An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind† (Cohen, 2006). I feel vengeance can be a never ending cycle, it can keep continuing, one act after another. I also feel that the person that first intentionally hurt another person, and that person turns around and hurt the first person, they are just as bad of a person as the first person is. I really have to agree with what the Survivors Network does for the victims of crime. It helps them with the healing process and to overcome trauma that has happened to them. This network helps the victim to cope with what has happened to them. I feel this helps so they won’t participate in revengeful activity upon the accuser. The Survivors Network is helpful to the victims, as well as the victims’ families. References: University of Phoenix. (2007). Vengeance Time. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, CJA/324 website University of Phoenix. (2009). Crime Victims Rights: From Illusion to Reality. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, CJA/324 website University of Phoenix. (2006). The victims rights and the furies in American courts. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, CJA/324 website. Mermelstein, M. (2013). From Victim to Victor: Corporate Crime in the Internet Era. Retrieved from http://www.americanbar.org/publications/blt/2013/11/01_mermelstein.html

A Review of The Family Game by Yoshimitsu Morita Essays -- Kazoku Gemo

I watched The Family Game (Kazoku Gemo) by Yoshimitsu Morita. While initially hesitant I wound up loving the movie. It was a satire that succeeded both in being a pleasure to watch and also at times absolutely hilarious. The Family Game is basically a satire about Japan’s new middle class in the 1980s. The film intermixes industrial imagery between scenes which give the film a bleak feel. At the lowest level this is a movie about Shigeyuki Numata, a clearly intelligent student who (unlike his brother Shinichi) is largely unconcerned about his academics and does poorly in school. Shigeyuki’s father, a white-collar worker who is evidently comparatively affluent (but by no means â€Å"rich), relents to finding his son a tutor (e.g. what Sugimoto describes as â€Å"shadow education†). Yoshimoto takes on the challenge of increasing Shigeyuki’s grades and is relentless and demanding in his approach. However, on a more abstract level this is a film with much lar ger aspirations. The Family Game explores the problems with the educational systems in Japan, a dysfunctional Japanese family, gender roles, ...

Assess How Martin Gaite Takes on the Task of Confronting Recent History Both Aesthetically and Ethically in El Cuarto de Atras.

Assess how Martin Gaite takes on the task of confronting recent history both aesthetically and ethically in El cuarto de atras. El cuarto de atras is Carmen Martin Gaite’s first post-Franco novel. Encompassing two very distinct genres, it is a fantastical novel, whilst in the same framework, a realist memoir of a woman growing up in post-war Spain. Through the use of the fantastic mode, the author approaches the real social history of the Civil War and post war period.This essay, will explore how Martin Gaite confronts this recent history, illustrating the hostile political environment of her youth and the anxiety it engendered. Through aesthetic techniques, particularly the fantastic mode, the novel facilitates a recollection of memories, which for many, were tarred with pain and anger. What we discover is that Martin Gaite’s intended purpose for her novel is not direct criticism of the fascist regime, but rather she aims to capture the collective memory of a generatio n, a memory which is often difficult to yield.To begin, it necessary to understand Martin Gaite’s decision to write her novel in this way, by gaining a sense of the climate of opinion which prevailed among the leading writers at the end of Franco’s rule, the time when Martin Gaite wrote El cuarto de atras. One of her contemporaries, the influential Juan Goytisolo, published an essay in 1967, which criticises the insipid realistic literature that was written in post-war Spain. He warns that Spanish novelists seem to have lost the ability to smile, despite belonging to a literary tradition that can draw on Cervantes and Larra.Goytisolo claims that, preoccupied with fighting Franco with words, he and his contemporaries have failed to serve either their cause or the wider interests of literature itself. In his essay, he writes: Digamoslo con claridad: las generaciones venideras nos pediran cuentas, sin duda, de nuestra actual conducta civica, pero no tomaran a esta en cons ideracion si, paralelamente a nuestra responsabilidad moral de ciudadanos, no manifestamos nuestra responsabilidad artistica como escritores.No basta, en efecto, reclamar la libertad: tenemos que probarla desde ahora con la autenticidad y responsabilidad de nuestras obras (Wood 2012: 48). Martin Gaite acknowledged and responded to this need for a new form of literature that did not rely solely on politics and realism. On November 23, 1975, the day that Franco died, she set out to write El cuarto de atras. Her novel would focus on two main literary goals; Firstly, to write a social history of the post-war era and secondly to write a fantastic novel.The novel is narrated by a woman called ‘C’, similar to Martin Gaite herself, who tells the story of an unexpected visit by a mysterious man, in the middle of the night. He has come to interview her. During their night-long conversation, the interviewer encourages the narrator in her recollection of her past. During the course of the conversation, the two protagonists notice that in the corner of the room, there is a pile of papers, which continues to grow. At the end of the novel, we learn that this stack of pages comprises the novel itself, even entitled ‘El cuarto de atras’.Their conversation has produced a novel. This powerful metafictional image of the written manuscript of the novel appearing within the novel itself creates a sense of participation amongst her readers. In the final pages, when the protagonist picks up the manuscript, we suddenly become aware of the novel we hold in our hands, and see it now as a mere artefact, the product of the conversation to which we have been aesthetically participating. The mystery behind this metafiction helps in establishing the ‘fantastic’ genre of the novel.Todorov gives a three-part definition of the fantastic genre, all three met in El cuarto de atras, ‘the reader considers the fictional world as real, the reader and the n arrator share a hesitation over whether or not what they perceive derives from commonly-held definitions of reality, and no allegorical interpretation of the unexplainable is advanced’ (Brown 1987: 41). Throughout the novel, the narrator mentions Todorov and quotes several times from his works. The narrator literally stumbles over Todorov’s book at the very start of the novel and later on, she spills water on the book, in doing so, making it more real.She even comes across a note she made when finishing reading the book, promising that one day ‘voy a escribir una novela fantastica’ (p 27). By the end of the novel, when she picks up the manuscript entitled ‘El cuarto de atras’, we realise that this is in fact, the fantastic novel which she promised she would write. The following description constructed by Todorov himself indicates why Martin Gaite decided to use the fantastic mode in her novel: ‘The supernatural thereby becomes a symbol o f language, just as the figures of rhetoric do, and the figure is, as we have seen, the purest form of literality’ (Brown 1987: 153).As well as heightening the creativity of her realist memoirs, Martin Gaite depends on the fantastic genre to uncover certain truths, which lie in hidden memories. Explaining, ‘cuando se traspasa esa frontera entre lo que estas convencido de que es verdad y lo que ya sabes si es verdad o mentira, puede ser posible todo’[1], it is apparent that in using the fantastic, mixing reality with mystery, she makes possible the difficult task of confronting painful, distressing memories experienced during the Civil war in Spain. The fantastic genre of El cuarto de atras is actually determined by the interviewer, the â€Å"man in the black hat†.The mystery of this nocturnal visitor remains unresolved and we finish the novel not knowing if his visit was real or dreamt-up by the narrator. From his very arrival, a fantastic apparition mater ialises, with the huge cockroach on the stairway, whose eyes, she will later note, exactly resemble his. ‘With its monstrous appearance [†¦ ] the insect summons the reader to anticipate the unknown. While the insect is described in detail, the man whose entry follows is not’ (Brown 1987: 151). The absent description of this character is one of several unresolved ambiguities of the novel, taking us in to the territory of the fantastic.It is in this territory and through her conversation with this ghostly character, that the narrator is able to recall her memories. The narrator realises that her difficulty in writing the memoir was due to the fact that she wanted to recapture more than just facts, ‘lo que yo queria rescatar era algo mas inaprensible, eran las miguitas, no las piedrecitas blancas’ (p. 120). With the image of white pebbles and breadcrumbs, a symbol from Perrault’s stories, we learn that she grasps how the truth about history, identi ty and collective memory, is made up of fragments, like pieces of a puzzle.Acting as her conscience, the interviewer certifies this in saying ‘tendria que aprender a escribir como habla’ (p. 120). This reflects Martin Gaite’s view that historical narrative does not suffice if and when constructing a novel which successfully approaches such a painful past. For the narrator, rather than assisting her, facts and historical data have acted as an obstacle. Martin Gaite creates a fantastic memoir, with dimensions of both reality and mystery, allowing the readers to find some form of escapism in her novel. As Robert C.Spires notes, the fantastic ‘frees both writer and reader from a one-dimensional, cause and effect, view of existence’ (1984:120). This creative release, which Martin Gaite seeks in her employment of the fantastic, hints at Spain’s sudden release from the Franco regime. In a further metafictional reference, the narrator explains how, si nce her childhood, she has experienced a form of escape through literature and fantasy. In her composition, as a child, of a novel revolving around a mythical island called Bergai, she demonstrates her desire to escape the strict silence of the regime.By declaring her own search for freedom through literature, Martin Gaite hopes that her novel will encourage the freeing of unspoken memories that her own generation has been hiding. The very title of the novel and the plurality of it’s meaning, indicates Martin Gaite’s desire to liberate memories. The narrator recalls how, ‘El cuarto de atras’ was the place where she used to play as a child, enjoying its freedom to develop her creative imagination. With the war, ‘el cuarto de atras’ begins to be appropriated by adults to store ‘articulos de primera necesidad’ (p. 157).The narrator explains, ‘hasta que dejamos de tener cuarto para jugar, porque los articulos de primera necesida d desplazaron y arrinconaron nuestra infancia, el juego y la subsistencia coexistieron en una convivencia agria de olores incompatibles’ (p. 160). ‘Politics seemed to be part of the adult world and the changes brought about by war seemed like rules for an unexplained new game’ (O’leary and Ribeiro de Menezes 2008:114). Her description reveals her imagination, yet at the same time, serves to depict the ways in which the war impeded on such basic aspects of everyday life.Through her innocence as a child, she does not politically criticise the war, but instead, discusses its inconveniences on her life as she grew up. The plurality of meaning that surrounds ‘El cuarto de atras’ surfaces in a further description of this space: ‘me lo imagino tambien como un desvan del cerebro [†¦ ] separado [†¦ ] por una cortina que solo se descorre de vez en cuando; los recuerdos que pueden darnos alguna sorpresa viven agazapados en el cuarto de at ras, siempre salen de alli, y solo cuando quieren, no sirve hostigarlos† (p. 83).In the novel, the task of pulling back the curtain is undertaken by the interviewer, as it can be perceived that his role is to help the narrator reveal hidden memories. This task of confronting past experiences is not an easy one, as it can un-surface deep fear and anger. ‘It must be remembered that government repression was a formalised expression of the psychological mechanisms adopted by a people whose horror had to be assuaged’ (Brown 1987:162). In establishing the mode of the fantastic, Martin Gaite pulls back the curtain on past realities, and in doing so, captures collective memory.The novel gives a realistic account of life as a child growing up in Spain in 1930’s and 40’s. The narrator points out that Franco came to power when she was only nine years old and she speaks openly about the effects the Civil War had on her. She recalls personal experiences such as h er uncle’s murder because he was a Socialist and the imprisonment of her friend’s parents because they were ‘Rojos’. Her recollections originate from her perception of them as a child, for example, trips to the bomb shelter are just another game.This innocence and political ignorance of her childhood memories help Martin Gaite to steer away from the blame game and political motives, giving instead, an account of what she experienced and how she perceived things as a child. The compelling image which most effectively achieves this is that of Franco’s daughter. The narrator remembers envying her but also feeling sorry for her. We see her sympathising with Carmencita’s grief as a daughter during the dictator’s funeral. Stating that ‘en mi casa, no eran franquistas’, we learn that the narrator is subtle when probed on Franco himself.Although critique on his leadership is inevitable, she avoids using her novel to directly attac k Franco, but rather to give an account of the effect of his dominance on society. As she watches Carmencita Franco at her father’s funeral, the narrator thinks about what they have in common and realises that they share the same collective memory as women who grew up in a patriarchal society. The novel explores the importance of the ‘Seccion Femenina’ and of romantic fiction to her generation of women. Martin Gaite offers the reader an insight, often overlooked in history books, into the ideological inculcation of women during the Franco period’ (O’Leary and Ribeiro de Menezes 2008: 115). She explains, Todas las arengas que monitores y camaradas nos lanzaban en aquellos locales inhospitos, mezcla de hangar y de cine de pueblo, donde cumpli a reganadientes el Servicio Social, cosiendo dobladillos, haciendo gimnasia y jugando al baloncesto, se encaminaban, en definitiva, al mismo objetivo: a que aceptasemos con alegria y orgullo [†¦] nuestra con dicion de mujeres fuertes, complemento y espejo del varon. p. 85) This description has been structured in such a way as to sarcastically signify what was expected on women during the regime. She is able to look back with humour on the expectations of the society she grew up in. As Brown suggests, ‘Luckily, she learned at an early age that the sentiments of the Fascists ruling party were not those of her own family, and that there was a dichotomy between what was thought at home and what was valued outside’ (Brown 1987: 158).Martin Gaite discretely ignored the inhibitions to freedom imposed by the Government’s restrictions and with the support of her mother, she attended university, surpassing the limited, narrow parameters of women’s lives. However, it is apparent that she was in fact influenced by the social tendencies of the time. Through her references to Hollywood stars such as Garbo, and her vision of the interviewer as the hero of a romantic novel, w e discover that her thoughts and behaviour are influenced by romantic literature and Hollywood glamour.The fantasy of each of these became a reality and something these women were expected to aspire towards as a sort of model of behaviour. Sharing such memories with her reader, providing an insight into the social customs of recent history, collective memory is captured. The narrator explains her difficulty in writing her memoirs because her memories of the war and post-war years are disordered and confused. She describes the post war period as ‘un panorama tan ancho y tan revuelto, como una habitacion donde cada cosa esta en su sitio precisamente al haberse salido de su sitio’ (p. 93).Her desire to write these memoirs arises when she is watching Franco’s funeral. As she watches the funeral procession, she summarises what she recalled of Franco’s dominance in the society she grew up in, ‘Franco pescando truchas, Franco en el Pazo de Mieras, Franco en los sellos, Franco en el NO-DO’ (p. 119). The image of Franco was everywhere. As she watches his funeral, the narrator states ‘el tiempo se desbloqueaba’ (p. 119). ‘Franco’s death set time in motion again, as well as language, thus allowing the author to explore the recent past and personal history (O’Leary and Ribeiro 2008:113).The disorder of time and space, in El cuarto de atras, brings forth a revelation in ethically confronting recent history, establishing a contrast with the imposed order of the regime whose end has inspired this fantastic memoir. As a final point, attention should be drawn to the tension that Martin Gaite creates in her depiction of life in Franco’s Spain. This tension lies between her description of the stasis of life under Franco and the life that she managed to live. During this ‘frozen’ time period, the narrator succeeds in becoming both a novelist and a mother.Despite the limitations, obligatio ns and deprivation of the dictatorship, she recalls how her childhood and adolescence were happy. The juxtaposition between stasis and dynamism is most brilliantly described in her comparison of the Franco dictatorship with that of the game ‘escondite ingles’. Under the threatening eye of the dictatorship, people stood still and froze but behind the back of the regime, when and where they had the opportunity, they strove to run their lives as they pleased. In using a popular childhood game to highlight uch tension, her readers are able to return to their past, focusing not on their pain and anger, but rather on the rhythm of life during this period. To conclude, Martin Gaite’s novel, succeeds in offering a new style of writing when confronting recent history. The complex interaction between reality and fantasy, produces a creative and gripping memoir which attempts to capture the collective memory of a generation. In recalling her memories as a child and depictin g the role expected of women, Martin Gaite provides us with an insight of what it was like to experience life under Franco.El cuarto de atras succeeds as a work that enables us to lift the curtain on painful memories that have been hidden away by so many. The recovery of this memory is a difficult task, but by taking us into the world of the fantastic, these memories can find a path to escape. Bibliography Martin Gaite, Carmen. 2009. El cuarto de atras, (Madrid: Libros del Tiempo, Ediciones Siruela). Adrian M. Garcia, 2000. Silence in the Novels of Carmen Martin Gaite (New York: Peter Lang). Lipman Brown, Jo. 1987. Secrets from the Back Room: the Fiction of Carmen Martin Gaite’ (Valencia: University of Mississippi Press).O’Leary and Ribeiro de Menezes, 2008. A Companion to Carmen Martin Gaite (Woodbridge: Tamesis). Robert C. Spires, 1984. Beyond the Metafictional Mode – Directions in the Modern Spanish Novel (Lexington: Kentucky University Press, 1984). Tzvetan Todorov, The Fantastic – A Structural Approach to a Literary Genre trans. Richard Howard (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1975). Wood, Gareth J. 2012. Javier Marias’s Debt to translation (Oxford: Oxford University Press). ———————– [1] Martin Gaite, quoted in Gazarian Gautier ‘Conversacion con Carmen Martin Gaite en Nueva York’, 11.

Nature of Human Being and reason for beingg

From the Catholic's point of view, if we look at the bible basing room the Old Testament, we have committed sin from the day Adam and Eve bit the apple and this perhaps as always an excuse of humans when they commit mistakes. If we consider science on human evolution, they would say that we were once came from the family of ape, this also affects the perception towards the behavior of human beings because they perceived humans as higher level of the animal kingdom and again have the tendency to commit mistakes. But going deeper, do we really are born to make mistakes?Or in order to achieve perfections we needed to learn sessions by going through the mistakes. For me, the nature of human being and how he exist Is affected by a lot of factors, say by environment, circumstances, upbringing , beliefs etc. We sometimes make decisions not thoroughly think of but because of what we feel or sometimes how other will perceived It as right or wrong. This is because: our behaviors are affected b y the norms set by the environment where we are living or somehow affected by culture that was inculcated in our minds from the day we were born or even when we were still in the womb of our mother.This somehow defines the right and wrong of our action, each human being has his own definition of how we see righteousness and what seems to be not right in our perspectives. We are naturally Influenced by the surroundings but at the end of the day we always see goodness In every human, we always believed that whatever the actions or even mistakes committed, we don't completely removed the idea that somehow there is kindness or goodness in the heart of every human being. I guess, the nature of human being is not imperfectly perfect but we tend to dream of having almost close to perfect life.Contentment and satisfaction is always a challenging word for us. Linking this to genuine happiness adds more heaviness to the word, because, It gives us freedom to choose our own happiness and yet In choosing, we consider circumstances, families, other factors that might impact the happiness we want to have for our own lives. True to the saying, that no man is an island, which man cannot live alone, he needs to be with somebody to show his affection, emotion and love in either way.And this drives us also to do goodness, because we believe hat there is somebody, who can accept us, our faith directs us to do goodness and always reasons for everything we do, and somehow, sometimes being human we tend to forget this, because we perceived that we do not have a choice. But in reality we do, if we do have choices as human being, we have the freedom to think, how to act. The nature of human being for me is the same for each and every one but it only differs when influential factors sets in especially the culture that affects all our situations and ways of thinking.Reasons of Being: For me being is the reasons of existence. But how do we define reasons of being? Why humans do exists? In my own point of view, we were not born out of nowhere. Culture, religion, science environment may happened to affect our existence. We mimic sometimes other personalities or idols that we see or we believed reflect how we want to live our lives. And somehow this gives us directions of our being. Our reasons of being are unending process, it is like a cycle, when we almost are done to end something, and then it gives us another open door to begin on something.A child is born, his path sometimes is being mapped out already by his parents, but the moment he sees his environment, he began to explore things on his own and do things from one way to another until he accomplish something and explore on another thing. We do not seem to be satisfied with having Just any reason for living but we want to find deeper meaning of our existence. We tend to look for our purpose in the society, in humanity or in our day to day existence. The reason for being is because we want to see the meaning of life, we want to know where will it take us and how far can we affect others by our existence.In conclusion The nature of human being is naturally with flaws, we are not perfect but this should not be an excuse for stopping us to be a good person. Committing mistakes will lead us to learning and accept that we are human beings, and like a child we are a work in progress in becoming a better individual, or be the best of what we can be. I happened to read a book â€Å"the Purpose driven life† written by Rick Warren, it is about t the Journey of knowing God's purpose for your life and gives us understanding of the big picture ? how all the pieces of your life fit together.The reason of existence of eyeing is based on how or what we believe that drives us to what we do or we want to have in life. But personally, being a catholic I believed that my reason of being is because I have a purpose to serve God through my interactions with other human beings. To return the favor to othe rs by showing goodness and kindness, and exerting effort to live what the God has wanted us to be. My reason of being is to know the meaning of life and how to experience it. I believe that my life here on earth is Just a preparation of the beginning of my new life when I have the opportunity to see God face to face.

LEGALIZE IT essays

LEGALIZE IT essays We should legalize marijuana, because it causes more problems that it is illegal then it ever would if it were legal. I feel that the prohibition of marijuana is a bigger problem then the smoking of it. No one has ever overdosed on weed, more people die in alcohol related accidents then pot related accidents. The forbiddance of weed is the biggest reason for the exploding prison population. Many non-violent drug offenders are serving longer prison sentences, then murders, then rapist and other violent criminals. It cost taxpayers 30,000 dollars a year to imprison 1 non-violent drug offender . Thats why politicians are spending billions of tax dollars on building new prisons and jails to hold everyone, and at the same money for education , healthcare, and other important things are running short. The methods used by the government to stop drug abuse arent working . All they are doing is creating a black market for weed and other drugs. Stopping marijuana use cost billions of dollars to enforce and it makes millions of good hardworking, taxpaying, weed smoking individuals into criminals. Adult use of alcohol and tobacco are legal and accepted ,but adult use of marijuana is illegal. With alcohol you can die or get more impaired then with weed and cigarettes are Many people have the belief that we need to keep weed illegal to keep it away from our teenagers and children. That is a good theory and it makes sense, but it is false it doesnt work. There are at least 10 to 15 places that I know in walking distance, where I know I can get weed , but for me to get a beer it might take a half an hour to an hour standing outside a bar asking people to go in the bar or beer distributor and buy me some beer. In some countries like Holland it is legal to buy pot, but the percent of teenagers who smoke weed there is less then half of the amount of teenagers who ...

Make a Fake Neon Sign Using Fluorescence

Make a Fake Neon Sign Using Fluorescence Do you love the look of neon signs, but want an inexpensive alternative that you can customize to say whatever you want? You can make a fake neon sign using fluorescence to make inexpensive common materials glow. Fake Neon Sign Materials You only need a few basic materials for this project. Flexible plastic tubing (usually sold as aquarium tubing)Glue gunCardboard or other stiff backing for your signFluorescent highlighter pen or laundry detergentWaterBlack light Make the Fake Neon The plastic tubing will glow blue under a black light, so technically this project will work if you simply form a sign with the tubing and illuminate it with a black light (ultraviolet lamp). However, youll get a much brighter glow if you fill the tubing with a fluorescent liquid, such as a small amount of laundry detergent dissolved in water (bright blue) or a fluorescent highlighter ink pad in water (available in various colors). Tip: A lot of highlighter pens called fluorescent markers arent actually fluorescent. Write a quick note on paper and shine a black light on it to determine whether or not the ink fluoresces. Yellow almost always glows. Blue rarely does. Make the Sign Design Practice forming the word you want on your sign so that you can get an idea of how much tubing will be required.Cut the tubing somewhat longer than what you think you will need.Fill the plastic tubing with your fake neon. Put one end of the tubing into the fluorescent liquid and raise it higher than the other end of the tubing. Place the lower end of the tubing into a cup so you wont have a big mess. Let gravity pull the liquid down the tube.When the tubing is filled with liquid, seal its ends with beads of hot glue. Allow the glue to cool before proceeding to make sure you have a good seal on your neon.Apply hot glue to stick the tubing to the backing you have selected. Form the word for your sign. If you are making a sign that uses multiple words, you will need separate tubes for each word.If you have excess tubing, carefully cut the end and seal it with hot glue.Illuminate the sign by turning on a black light. A fluorescent light fixture will provide some glow, but for a bright ne on appearance, use a black light.

Important Read This Before Getting a Belly Button Piercing

Important Read This Before Getting a Belly Button Piercing SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Belly button piercings may appear totally cool and effortless from an outside perspective, but they actually require serious commitment if you want them to look good in the long run. They heal slower than many other types of body piercings, and they require a significant amount of aftercare. This guide will take you through the piercing process and show you how to avoid potential problems as you heal. If you follow this advice, you'll be showing off a piercing that is both stylish and healthy in no time! Feature image: Spookygonk/Flickr, used under CC 2.0 Can You Get a Belly Button Piercing? Some people are disqualified from getting a belly button piercing. Typically, belly button piercings go through the â€Å"lip† of skin above the belly button. Although most people can technically get these types of piercings, it's best to have a good flap of skin above the belly button for the piercer to put the jewelry through if you want it to heal properly. The piercing also needs room below and behind the flap so that the area doesn’t become irritated in the healing process. If you don’t have a solid flap of skin on the top of the belly button, sometimes piercers can go for the lower lip of the belly button instead (though this is a rare option). Here’s an example of what a typical belly button piercing looks like: She did it/used under CC by 2.0 Unfortunately, if you have an outie belly button, you most likely won’t be able to get it pierced. Some people believe that outie belly button piercings are the only "true" belly button piercings because they actually involve piercing the inner part of the navel. However, infections in outie belly button piercings can travel to your internal organs and become extremely dangerous. Most reputable piercers will not take this risk. In case you're unsure of which type of belly button you have going on, here's what an outie looks like: Belly Button-3/used under CC 2.0 The piercer will always examine your belly button carefully before starting the process to see if your anatomical setup will allow for the piercing to heal safely. What Are the Risks Associated With Belly Button Piercings? Even if you believe that your belly button is the ideal candidate for a snazzy new piece of jewelry, you should know that some health risks come hand-in-hand with getting this type of body piercing. These risks include: Allergic reactions to the jewelry Excessive bleeding Jewelry rejection or migration (migration is when the piercing moves internally to a slightly different spot, and rejection is when your body starts to push the jewelry out and you see more and more of the barbell) Bacterial infections Permanent scarring (this can happen if you don’t bother to remove the jewelry after your body has decided to reject it) You can minimize these risks by finding a reputable piercer and caring for your piercing appropriately during the healing process (discussed in the next couple of sections). Does a Belly Button Piercing Hurt a Lot? Good news: most people say that belly button piercings don’t hurt that much. They’re comparable to ear lobe piercings in terms of pain. If you’ve gotten your ear or nose cartilage pierced before, that type of piercing usually hurts more than a belly button piercing. You may experience some soreness and throbbing in the first few days, but it shouldn't interfere with your life significantly. One downside to belly button piercings is that they do take significantly longer than other piercings to heal. While ear piercings typically heal in 6 to 8 weeks, a belly button piercing is usually not fully healed for six months to a year (which is why many people suggest getting your piercing in the winter so you can show off the fully healed final product come beach season). If you've ever gotten this type of piercing on your upper ear, chances are that it hurt a lot more than most belly button piercings. (left ear, used under CC 2.0) How to Get Your Belly Button Pierced Here's a rundown of the steps you need to go through to ensure the best piercing experience. Taking the process seriously and finding a reputable piercer can make all the difference in the speed of your healing and satisfaction with your piercing overall. Step 1: Know the Laws and Regulations If you’re over 18, make sure you bring an official form of photo ID like a driver’s license or passport. If you’re under 18, you must have a parent or guardian present to sign off on your piercing. This article has a list of piercing regulations for all the different US states if you'd like to verify your state's specific policies. Piercing places sometimes take these rules further and say they won’t do certain types of piercings on minors or won’t pierce anyone under the age of 16 even with the consent of a parent or guardian. In addition to checking the laws in your state, research the regulations at the specific place where you plan on getting pierced to see if they have any special stipulations. Step 2: Find a Good Piercing Place The quality of the piercing place makes a huge difference in the likelihood that your piercing will heal properly. Look for places near you that have good Yelp reviews and appropriate credentials (check to see if the piercer is a member of the Association of Professional Piercers). Most piercing places also have websites where you can check out the portfolios of their piercers and read reviews from other customers. Avoid going to sketchy booths in the middle of the mall or really any place that doesn’t look like a doctor’s office when you get into the piercing room. The piercing should be done with sterile equipment in a squeaky clean environment to ensure the lowest risk of infection. Don’t ever let anyone pierce you with a piercing gun! They cause too much trauma to the area and can’t be properly sterilized. One Day We Will All Die, used under CC 2.0 Step 3: Prepare to Get Pierced First off, take a shower beforehand. It’s just polite not to be smelly when a stranger has to touch your belly button. Also, make sure you’re fully hydrated and have eaten at least a little something within the hour so you don’t feel woozy during the process. Above all, do NOT get drunk before you get your belly button pierced. Any piercing place worth its salt will turn away an intoxicated person, both because you don’t have the capacity to make good decisions after drinking and because drinking can cause excessive bleeding at the piercing site. Try to live a healthy, responsible lifestyle at least for the 24 hour period before your piercing. Step 4: Choose Your Jewelry The materials that are least likely to irritate the piercing site include surgical stainless steel, surgical titanium, Tygon plastic, and solid 14K gold. You should try to avoid jewelry made of nickel or sterling silver because these metals are the most likely to cause allergic reactions in people with sensitive skin. If you’ve gotten other piercings in the past, be mindful of how your body has reacted. Also, choose a piece of jewelry that you won’t get tired of seeing. Remember, you won't be able to take it out for another six months to a year. Go with a barbell rather than a ring because there’s less risk of the barbell getting caught on stuff in the healing process. Belly buttons are typically pierced with 12 gauge jewelry, which is around 2 mm in diameter. This is much larger than the jewelry used in a typical ear piercing, which is 1 mm or less in diameter. It’s better to have a thicker piece of jewelry because it will make the piercing sturdier and more resistant to tearing and migration. Triforce de Awesome!, used under CC 2.0 Step 5: Pay Your Piercer Navel piercings can range in cost, but they’re $40-$60 at most piercing places. This includes both the procedure and the cost of the jewelry. If you’re happy with the way things go, it’s considered good form to give your piercer a 10-20% tip on top of the regular price. That's it! You'll have a brand new navel piercing. Now comes the long and hard part - caring for your new piercing. Caring for Your Belly Button Piercing First off, DON’T ever touch or clean the piercing without washing your hands first! If you ignore this rule, you’re asking for an infection. Just leave it alone and let it heal except for when you need to move it around a little bit to clean it. Similarly, you should wear loose clothing that won’t irritate the piercing area in the healing process. Try to sleep on your back and avoid tanning beds at least for the first couple months of healing. The concentrated UV rays can set back your body's natural healing process. It’s also not a good idea to go in public pools or hot tubs because the piercing could get infected from whatever gross types of bacteria may be lurking in the water. If you really feel the need to go in a pool or hot tub while your piercing is still young, you should clean it immediately afterward. You can still do sit-ups and other exercises when your piercing is healing as long as you don’t experience too much discomfort from the movement. Like you, this cat is gonna get his beach body no matter what it takes. (sit-ups, used under CC 2.0) The best way to care for the piercing is to wash it with saline solution two times a day for at least the first month of healing. You can make your own saline solution by mixing a teaspoon of sea salt with five ounces of water, or you can buy the plain saline solution that is sold at pharmacies. Put the saline solution in a little cup. Then, press the rim of the cup against your stomach around the piercing, and lean back to completely submerge the piercing for two minutes. Afterward, take a q-tip, dip it in the solution, and gently rub it around the areas where the piercing goes through your skin. Be sure to use sea salt to make your solution, not table salt! (Salt-(sea)_B130623, used under CC 2.0) You may see your piercing oozing clear fluid that forms a crust around the hole. This is normal early in the healing process. There may also be some swelling, redness, and discoloration, but these issues should dissipate fairly soon after you get the piercing. Don’t clean your piercing more than the recommended two to three times a day. Excessive cleaning can cause skin irritation and dry out the area. If it's been at least a month since the piercing and everything looks good, you can stop doing these daily cleanings. You may clean the piercing sporadically after this point if you continue to see evidence that it isn't fully healed. You should still minimize the activities listed at the beginning of this section until you reach at least the six month mark. Potential Problems (and What to Do About Them) In this section, I'll talk about how to spot signs of trouble with your piercing. It's important to take action on these issues immediately so you can avoid serious health consequences and permanent scarring down the road. It's important to know what's normal and what's not. We'll cover the most important issues below. Allergic Reaction Sometimes, if you get the wrong type of jewelry, you can end up with a nasty allergic reaction around your piercing. Signs of an allergic reaction include: An itchy rash around the piercing area Intermittent tenderness around the piercing If you think you may have an allergic reaction, go back to the piercer, and ask to switch your jewelry out for a different type of material. I list some suggestions for people with sensitive skin in the â€Å"choosing your jewelry† advice in the previous section. Bacterial Infection Infections are very common with belly button piercings because they’re in such a vulnerable area. Signs of infection include: Yellowish-green discharge with a foul odor Prolonged redness around the piercing, especially if it gets worse over time Skin around the piercing is hot to the touch You feel a burning sensation in the area Prolonged swelling around the piercing Abdominal pain (in really serious cases, the infection can become internal) Red lines radiating from the piercing Consistent acute pain (although slight bruising and occasional sharp pain from movement are normal) Here's what an infection can look like: See how the area around the piercing is red and swollen? This will probably also be hot and painful to the touch. It can even look worse than this, with leaking pus around the piercing. (Sorry, I know it's a little gross, but it's important to know what something bad looks like.) If you think you have an infection, first of all, contrary to what you might think, you should leave the jewelry in your belly button. Taking it out could cause further complications, including the formation of abscesses in the area. Use the same cleaning procedure detailed in the previous section, but soak the piercing for ten minutes in the saline solution. You may be able to rub a small bit of antibacterial cream around the piercing to soothe the infection, but use it sparingly. If the infection doesn’t go away within a week or two, go to a doctor to check if you need to take more drastic measures to prevent it from developing further (i.e. taking oral antibiotics). You may need to return to the piercer to get the jewelry taken out if the infection has become too severe. Lean on the side of cautious - it's always better to get something checked out and have nothing wrong, than to try to tough it out and make a problem worse. Migration and Rejection Another issue that is common with belly button piercings is migration and rejection of the jewelry. Signs of migration and rejection include: You can see way more of the barbell than you could when it was initially pierced (because it’s getting pushed out of your body) Noticeable movement of the holes of the piercing marked by a trail of redness Redness and scarring in the area Hole appears larger than it was initially The skin between the holes is translucent and thin If you notice this happening to your piercing, you will have to go to your piercer to get the jewelry removed, let everything heal, and eventually try piercing it again. There’s no way to fix the issue without taking out the piercing and starting over. Migration and rejection don’t mean the piercing is infected, so they aren’t overall health risks, but they come with more aesthetic problems when they’re not addressed. Piercings that the body rejects but that are not removed promptly often cause serious scarring. Rejection happens with a lot of body piercings. You can faintly see the rejection scar from my eyebrow piercing in this picture (I waited too long to take it out because I liked it so much). (Sam Lindsay/All rights reserved.) How Do You Know When You’re Done Healing? As mentioned above, it takes around six months to a year for a belly button piercing to heal to the point where you can take it out and change it. If you reach the six to nine month mark and aren’t experiencing any of the issues detailed in the previous section, you can check the piercing to see if it’s fully healed. Wash your hands, and try sliding it back and forth a bit to make sure it moves freely without pain. If everything feels and looks good, I’d recommend going back to your piercer so they can verify that you’re completely healed. They will be able to take out the piercing and replace the jewelry for you. If you change your piercing on your own, be sure to sanitize both the new jewelry and the piercing site before insertion. Infections are a risk even in piercings that are essentially completely healed, so don’t lose all respect for hygiene after months of vigilance. Summary: Key Tips for Getting a Belly Button Piercing Here's a quick rundown of most important things to remember when getting a belly button piercing. Before you get pierced, you should: Check to make sure your belly button is a good candidate for piercing Understand the risks involved and be willing to take on the responsibility of keeping the piercing clean Be aware of the laws for your state (may entail asking your mom or dad to go with you) Find a reputable piercer When you're at the piercing studio, you will need to: Choose jewelry that is least likely to irritate your skin Verify that everything appears sterile and professional in the piercing room Be prepared to endure a bit of pain (about the same as getting your ear lobe pierced) Pay (and tip) the piercer After you get your belly button pierced, you should: Never touch it without washing your hands first Clean it two to three times a day with saline solution for at least the first month Avoid tight clothing around your midsection, tanning beds, hot tubs, public pools, and sleeping on your stomach until the piercing is at least mostly healed Monitor the piercing site to make sure there are no issues with allergic reactions, infections, or rejection of the jewelry Don't change your jewelry until six to twelve months into the healing process when you can slide the jewelry back and forth without pain or resistance If you have more questions about any specific problems you're experiencing with your piercing, you should talk to your piercer to get an expert's opinion. Otherwise, just continue to enjoy your awesome new belly bling!