Major Ingredient Groups, Specifications Supplier Review

Significant Ingredient Groups, Specifications Supplier Review Karl Chamberlain Presentation The quality, consistency and security of fixings are a key factor in the achievement of any food producing business. Because of this, it is indispensable that the fixings and providers utilized by the business are painstakingly picked and any issues with crude materials are tended to expeditiously. The significant fixing bunches used inside the UK Food Manufacturing division There a seven fixing bunches which are used inside the food producing part in the United Kingdom. The first of these gatherings is vegetables. Vegetables are nourishments that have started from a plant and are eaten in flavorful dish. While most vegetables can be eaten crude, they are frequently cooked before eating to make them milder and progressively eatable. Some basic instances of vegetables are potatoes, carrots and lettuce. Another fixing bunch utilized inside the UK food-fabricating part is organic products. A natural product is a piece of a blossom, explicitly the developed or expanded ovary of the bloom and any parts or seeds that are appended to it. There are many palatable natural products, with a huge number of various assortments of every one, and each organic product has its own particular taste. A few instances of natural products are apples, pears, oranges and strawberries. A further fixing bunch that is utilized is oat crops. Oats are the grain or seeds from grasses, they have a high supplement content as they are made to store supplements for the grass that would have developed from the seed. Normal instances of oat crops are wheat, oats, maize, rye, grain and rice. Meats are another fixing bunch that is utilized inside food fabricate inside the U.K. Lea meats are the substance or strong tissue of creatures. Meats are a protein rich food and will for the most part be cooked before eating. Offal is another sort of meat that is the interior organs of the creature, for example, the kidneys or liver. Frequently meat is handled, especially parts of the creature that can't be sold as lean meat, and made into different items, for example, frankfurters and burgers. Fish is additionally perceived similar to a piece of the meat fixing gathering. Besides, another fixing bunch is the dairy gathering. Dairy items are any items that are produced using the milk of creatures, generally from bovines or goats. The dairy fixing bunch incorporates milk, cream, yogurt and cheddar. Milk items contain the vast majority of the basic supplements required for people, despite the fact that they regularly contain elevated levels of fat. Herbs and flavors are regularly viewed as being a piece of a similar fixing gathering in spite of the fact that they are really two separate gatherings. A herb is a plant which stem isn't produced using woody tissue. In food, regularly the new or dried leaves of the plant are utilized to enhance the food, with basic models being thyme and rosemary. Flavors are additionally used to add flavor to a food item however they are produced using portions of ‘dry’ plants, for example, the seeds, organic product or bark. Regular instances of flavors incorporate mustard and cinnamon. Flavors and herbs by and large don't add any wholesome substance to the item. The fitting substance of fixing details Fixing determinations are fundamental as they guarantee that the items makers get from their providers are predictable the equivalent and as a kind of perspective should any issues be found with the fixing. A decent fixing determination will incorporate an assortment of data including provider data, item data, fixing subtleties, bundling subtleties, quality affirmation norms and microbiological gauges. The provider data remembered for the determination ought to incorporate contact subtleties (counting crisis contact subtleties) for the provider (and from the producer if the provider has not fabricated the item). The determination ought to likewise incorporate the destinations EEC number for meat, poultry and fish. The item data ought to incorporate a portrayal of the item, including individual and unit size, naming and coding subtleties, subtleties of recognizability data utilized, (for example, bunch number or occupation number), right stockpiling conditions and subtleties of item timeframe of realistic usability. It ought to likewise incorporate subtleties of any allergens that the fixing contains. The fixing data remembered for the determination ought to incorporate data about any fixings utilized in the item including amounts, provider, district of source and detail. This is to guarantee that should any issues be found with the item, it very well may be followed back to the provider of every fixing utilized in it. Bundling measures are a further thing that ought to be remembered for a decent fixing particular. This ought to incorporate both beginning bundling just as any optional bundling, for example, bins, bed holders and so forth. Subtleties of the sort, size, material, kind of seal and shading ought to be incorporated. This guarantees the fixing is reliably provided in a similar sort of bundling which forestalls any issues sometime later, for example, a fixing coming in on a bed without bed layers on a site that doesn't permit this. The crude material detail ought to likewise incorporate data about the quality affirmation norms for the fixing. This will incorporate targets and what is and isn't worthy on things, for example, flavor, surface, visual, deserts, outside bodies and substance examination. It ought to likewise remember subtleties of the HACCP framework for place at the provider. Should any issues be found with the fixing, having data on the quality confirmation norms for the fixing will give something to allude to while checking if the providers resistances are being met. A last thing which ought to be remembered for a fixing particular are subtleties of microbiological gauges for the item including subtleties of sorts of examination completed, recurrence, what it is tried for and what the objectives and cutoff points for the fixing are. The procedures and practices regularly engaged with a Food Manufacturing activity as to â€Å"Ingredient Supplier Approval† Provider endorsement is fundamental to any food business so as to guarantee that any new fixings utilized in their items are protected and of reliably great quality. The provider endorsement procedure will start with an improvement gourmet expert, or conceivably an individual from buying if the new fixing is supplanting a past one, sourcing another fixing. When the fixing has been sourced, a hazard appraisal must be done for it. This should concentrate on the physical properties and dietary parts of the fixing and any issues that might be brought about by these, for example, caught remote bodies inside lettuce heads. For some fixings, especially ones that have been prepared, it is prudent to take a gander at a full HACCP based evaluation to decide any further dangers that the specific fixing may present. This will permit the purchaser to choose whether the item is sheltered to utilize or if any worthy limits should be determined to tainting. Next, the provider of the fixing must be assessed. This regularly begins with a survey that is sent to a provider. In a perfect world, this ought to inquire as to whether the organization has a HACCP framework set up, outside accreditation, for example, BRC, what the GMP methodology are, inside examining frameworks utilized and detectability frameworks set up. The provider will at that point be scored against the appropriate responses given. While finishing this poll with a high score isn't in every case enough to favor the provider, a provider with an especially low score, particularly the sanitation questions, ought not be endorsed. The following stage in the provider endorsement process is to send an individual from the specialized or quality affirmation group to the provider to check the procedures and documentation talked about in the survey. This stage might be pointless for certain providers that are now examined by perceived outer reviewers or if the provider as of now supplies the organization with another item. The above stages should give the buying and specialized groups enough data on the fixing and provider to conclude whether to acknowledge or dismiss them. When the entirety of the phases of the procedure have been completed the provider and buying organization should approve the supplier’s status as an affirmed provider. The organization should keep a database of current affirmed providers, including subtleties of any reviews completed and any issues that have happened with the providers fixings. Procedures utilized by Food Manufacturers for the progressing appraisal of fixing gracefully When a provider is endorsed, both the provider and its fixings must be evaluated now and again to guarantee that the fixings they gracefully are of a reliably decent safe norm. There are various strategies that can be utilized. Right off the bat, the approaching fixings ought to be examined on conveyance. An authentication of investigation ought to be sent alongside the approaching item. These endorsements ought to be checked to guarantee that the item satisfies the necessary guidelines. The fixings themselves ought to be checked by admission staff to guarantee that they are outwardly adequate, at the right temperature and no indications of remote body or bug tainting are available. Tests of the crude material ought to likewise be taken and sent for lab testing to â€Å"determine the nearness or measures of synthetic, natural or physical contaminants†. A further procedure utilized for the progressing evaluation of fixing gracefully is standard provider reviews. A provider review includes an individual from the organization, as a rule from the specialized group, going to visit the site at set spans. There are various things that the provider review should check for. Right off the bat, it ought to affirm that the site has a composed sanitation framework set up that incorporates methods and a safeguard framework, for example, a HACCP framework. Remote body and allergen controls ought to likewise be taken a gander at, just as the consequences of any third part

Othello and macbeth human weakness free essay sample

The most clear subject or topic in Othello is retribution and envy. Iago is the primary kead to nearly everything that occurs in these subjects. He has been hearing gossipy tidbits about his wifes issues with the field, so he hates Othello and must be desirous of Cassio for being lieutenant. In any case, we can never be totally certain what Iagos inspiration is to be so dangerous he figures out how to get Cassio excused however then Iago doesnt appear to be keen on Cassios work, just in messing more up. We additionally discover that Iago has attempted ordinarily in the past to take the cloth that implies such a great amount to Othello. This discloses to us that he was arranging against Othello some time before his advancement was blocked. Desire influences most different characters also. Othello can't hold up under the way that his better half may be taking part in an extramarital entanglements and Iago keenly plays on this. We will compose a custom article test on Othello and macbeth human shortcoming or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page For example, when Othello thinks his significant other is straightforward and needs verification of the undertaking, Iago inquires as to whether he would need to see her beat (for example with a man on her) however then advises Othello to quiet down and that his psyche maybe may change. Obviously it wont Iago presents the most exceedingly awful picture conceivable to Othello knowing the harm it will cause. Envy influences practically we all at some point in our lives, and Shakespeare shows the dangerous impacts it has all through the play. Truth be told just two characters appear to be unaffected by desire Desdemona and Cassio. Desdemona kicks the bucket, however everybody acknowledges what a decent lady she was, and Cassio is compensated by assuming Othellos position as general (and by choosing Iagos discipline.

HOW TO Optimise Your Business Management

HOW TO Optimise Your Business Management Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!HOW TO: Optimise Your Business ManagementUpdated On 09/01/2016Author : Ram kumarTopic : Web AppsShort URL : http://hbb.me/1ReSGNi CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogIf you are running a company or working for any company you might have faced several problems regarding management and optimisation, and you might not have that potential to become productive. Now we are going to review a highly efficient enterprise management system called TeamWox. The best part is, it is implemented in the form of a cloud, thus making the storage stuffs more easier to access and making it unlimited. You can manage your tasks, documents, CRM, use IP telephony, etc.You can also work in a local network or via the Internet. They also have advanced security system to protect your documents and files.Key Features Of TeamWoxBelow I have mentioned some of the key features of TeamWox.Collaboration Voice communication.HRM, Team management Payroll.CRM, Service Desk Online Assistant can be integrated into websites.Working with tasks, docs, emails, chats, forum, media files, mind maps, and many more.Ready-to-use solution and no additional software needed.Features ExplainedHuman Resource Management (HRM)This module contains all the relevant information about your companys employees. That includes personal details, address, contact details, and teamwork information. You can easily monitor your employee details and also the companys structure. It also helps to detect the duplication of functions in your teamwork.READUse Augment To Manage Apps From GmailTask Manager Assigning TasksThis module helps us to assign tasks to each and every employee. You can control the working functions of the team. You can also hold group discussions and solve problems quickly. The best part is you can find out which employee put his/her maximum effort into the job.eMail Client Easy way to communicat eTeamWox has elegant eMail client, which makes employees easy to communicate with. You can also set up filters that helps you to automatically sort emails. You can create any accounts and receive e-mails from several addresses at the same time.Business Management ReportsEvery company expects business reports after completing some projects or works. But now you dont have to put that effort on your employees, you can easily generate them using this. TeamWoxs company management reports are automatic and perfect.Their system of automated built-in company management reports allows you to control your business at a new level and you can also get productivity reports as well.If you wish to try TeamWox, you can checkout the free-of-charge on-premises for up to 10 users or two-month Trial SaaS version.Overall TeamWox is a great application if you wish to be productive, dont forget to check it out.

Christian Leadership - 1096 Words

Kyalae T. Haywood March 23, 2014 Making of a Christian Leader What is Character Human â€Å"character†, is the pattern of thinking and acting which runs right through someone, so that wherever you cut into them, you see the same person through and through [1]. The transformation of a person character is their virtue. Virtue is what happens when wise and courageous choices have become â€Å"second nature [2].† Wright differentiates a biblical framework from a Greek moral framework in that Jesus and his followers are offering the three-dimensional model toward Aristotle two-dimensional points [3]. Wright gives us excellent contrast between biblical and Greek moral framework and I agree with his positions. For example, Aristotle felt for someone†¦show more content†¦Romans 13:2, â€Å"Therefore whoever resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment. [9] Badaracco, L. Joseph. Questions of Character: Illuminating the Heart of Leadership Through Literature. Copyright. 2006. P. 31 [10] Ibid. 40 [11] Ibid. 52 Yes I do see tension between Badaracco moral flexibility and Kouzes and Maxwell values in that Okonkwo didn’t take any responsibility in his failure and lacked a great deal of remorse. Badaracco states, â€Å"A sound moral code requires an ongoing, open engagement with the moral and practical life that surrounds the leader. On some occasions, the clearest sign of a good moral code is flexibility rather than firmness† [12]. Kouzes/Posner states, â€Å"Leadership is both something you are and something you do.† In other words, leadership is not just something you live but something you behave [13]. Okonkwo behavior represented who he really is and the content of his character. Kouzes/Posner states that people do what they see and his example was not good as it pertains to leadership. Okonkwo behavior was so fixed that he had no regard for going against the values of his tribe and jeopardized a traditional religious period of time, but rather accepted his punishment . Leaders need both the ability to be sensitive to community feelings when situations that require moral reactions and to confront failures looking for explanations asShow MoreRelatedChristian Leadership : A Christian Leader1048 Words   |  5 Pageshas the authority to speak on Christian leadership, it is Henri Nouwen because of his professorship at Ivy League Universities and long-standing role as a priest. Yet Nouwen leans not on either of these credentials; instead, he shares his reflections on leadership that he learned while serving at Daybreak community for handicapped people. What is more, Nouwen learned the most amazing leadership principles when he was asked to speak in Washington D. C. on leadership and Daybreak sent a resident namedRead MoreChristian Leadership2395 Words   |  10 PagesChristian Leadership Author’s Name Title of the Course Instructor’s Name Date Introduction to Christian Leadership Leadership scholars have presented many theories in understanding leadership. However, making sense of hundreds of books and thousands of studies is a complicated task, which is why many mistakenly think that leadership is an indefinable phenomenon. Some of us presume complete authority in our own favored ways. Novel leaders often discard the entire system used by theRead MoreChristian Worldview of Leadership2310 Words   |  10 PagesChristian Worldview of Leadership Introduction The Christian worldview of leadership is distinctly different from most secular views on the subject. In the secular, leadership tends to be viewed primarily in terms of a company’s bottom line and how well the leader can urge employees to produce more and better work. That view is profit-centered rather than person-centered, and it does not give much attention to employees’ human needs and qualities nor on how developing excellent work relationshipsRead More Christian Leadership Essay2455 Words   |  10 Pagesfail, families become dysfunctional, children lose their way, and men stray from God for one disturbing reason; lack of leadership. These failures are often because of the lack of instruction, proper leadership, and confusion over what Christian leadership is and how that leadership is applicable to every facet of business and personal life. The Webster Dictionary defines leadership as an office or position, the capacity to lead, the act or an instance of leading (Inc, 2011). Leader is defined as;Read MoreChristian Leadership Essay1920 Words   |  8 Pagesfail, families become dysfunctional, children lose their way, and men stray from God for one disturbing reason; lack of leadership. 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However, in the past three years, God has changed me in many ways, and showed me so manyRead MoreTheology of Christian Leadership Essay1619 Words   |  7 PagesLIBERTY THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY Theology of Christian Leadership LEAD 520 – D01 LUO The Life of Leaders December 11, 2013 Table of Contents I. Introduction 3 II. What is Leadership 3 III. Christian Leadership 3 IV. Biblical Perspective 4 V. Servant Leadership 5 VI. Leadership Disciplines 6 VII. Conclusion 7 VIII. Bibliography 8 â€Æ' Introduction According to Bill Hull, â€Å"While certain pocketsRead MoreLeadership From A Christian Worldview Essay6377 Words   |  26 PagesIntroduction From a personal perspective, leadership from a Christian worldview is about transforming your skills, abilities, and knowledge of the vision of life, beliefs, values, and principles. Due to the differing worldviews as a leader from a secular or biblical perspective, the ways of life as a leader divert the values that guide us, beliefs that direct us, and principles that motivate us to act or behave a certain way. Jesus lives in disciples, and we should all be living as his light andRead MoreThe Debate Between Leadership And Christian Groups1239 Words   |  5 PagesOver the past number of years I have heard many arguments against leadership in Christian groups. Shall we account it to liberalism? Perhaps progressive thoughts? Or is it to be expected in post-modern Christianity? I hope this does not come as too much of a shock, but personally I think it is absurd, and hopefully many others will agree with me. But I will probably not be able to convince you, will I? Thus let us turn to the source of all wisdom and knowledge, the Bible: Let everyone put himselfRead MoreLeadership And Management Vs. 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8 Childrens Books That Make Great Graduation Gifts

Online Shopping vs Retail Shopping - 4171 Words

Online Apparel Shopping v/s Retail Apparel Shopping Subject:- Research Methods in Business Topic:- Research Report Synopsis Online Apparel Shopping vs Retail Apparel Shopping is a new comparison in market these days. Where the internet consumption rate is growing at a lightning speed the consumers are shifting from retail shopping to internet online shopping to save more time. The research is based on what type of apparel shopping do the consumers really prefer. It also shows the statistics as to how many people actually use online shopping for buying clothes. Not only this, but the research also shows what are the parameters on which consumer do their shopping. There is a very interesting range of parameter chosen by the†¦show more content†¦Shopping online can easily be done while sitting in front of the TV or lounging on the sofa. With payments being made online as well, a person can just sit back, relax and wait for the package to be delivered.An online apparel store usually draws in customers by offering better prices and offers for quality products. By having an online store, they can save on monthly expenditures which allow them to offer clients good value for their money. Better Variety Shopping online often offers better variety. Not only can you find them for affordable rates, but most of them allow you to get limited edition items that you might otherwise have missed out on. Availability Nothing can be more frustrating for a person to go to a shop only to realize that the item they wanted is out of stock and might be restocked at a vague date. This not only makes you unreasonably angry, but it also means that you have to keep taking time out to check if they have got the item you want. Online stores eliminate the chances of this happening by placing out of stock signs next to the product. Review of Literature Title: What drives consumers to shop online? Authrors: Tonitta Perea y Monsuwà ©, (Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands),Benedict G.C. Dellaert, (Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands), Ko de Ruyter, (Maastricht University, Maastricht, TheShow MoreRelatedOnline Shopping versus Traditional Retail Store639 Words   |  3 PagesOnline Shopping vs. Traditional Retail Store One of the most debatable decisions for most Americans during the sale event or holiday is whether to shop or not to shop. Especially, when considering that some of the online shopping websites such as Amazon and eBay are established. To shop online or to shop in the store has become a more practical question. I used to be a traditional shopper, but I changed my mind sometime over years since I found that shopping online is much cheaper and more convenientRead MoreOnline Shopping vs Traditional Shopping Essay792 Words   |  4 PagesOnline Shopping Vs Traditional Shopping October 3, 2010 | Online Shopping Vs Traditional Shopping Online shopping is the process whereby consumers directly buy goods or services from a seller in real-time, without an intermediary service, over the Internet. According to Internet Retailer U.S., retail e-commerce spending increased to an estimated $66.9 billion in the first half of 2010, up 9.3% from $61.2 billion for the same period as year ago. Online shopping has become popular amongRead MorePlaying Fields Between Offline And Online Stores1271 Words   |  6 Pagesoffline and online stores uneven? For example: Are you the type to window shop in real stores but buy in virtual stores? Online shopping has largely influenced consumers for over 30 years. However during its inception, many consumers still preferred to travel to a physical store location to purchase products as they were unsure about this new method of shopping but as time passed, more people jumped on the bandwagon and soon it became mainstream. The question now though, is that are the shopping fieldsRead MoreShopping At Home Vs. Shopping1540 Words   |  7 Pages2015 Shopping at Home vs. Shopping at Store It is the year of two thousand and fifteen—the 45th years after Internet was first invented. Internet is developing in an incredibly speed, so does the online business. People can accomplish more without stepping out of their houses. Imagine what if we are carrying bulk of cash to pay our tuition instead of paying online. Since Internet greatly facilitates the process of paying and choosing, online shopping has become the couple top shopping preferencesRead MoreTraditional Shopping vs Online Shopping1557 Words   |  7 Pages1. Traditional and online shopping environment In the traditional shopping, one has to leave home, either walk or take a ride to a particular location in order to buy what one wants. There are many ways of traditional shopping such like shopping at shopping center, outlet village, markets or department stores. However, online shopping has been developing at a fast rate through recent years and more and more people are moving towards this mode of shopping. The online shopping is typically done atRead MoreMarketing Plan For A Target Corporation1741 Words   |  7 Pages Target Corporation currently has 1,763 operating stores which are located in 49 US states and in the District of Columbia. The company has become one of the leaders in the department store industry since the establishment of its first retail store in 1962. Target has differentiated from competitors by offering products that are stylish and trendier than their competition (â€Å"Corporate Overview†). According to Carter, Target stores fall under the general category of department stores. Department storesRead MoreConsumer Perceptions Towards E Grocery Market1396 Words   |  6 Pagesfacilitates online transaction between business entities and consumer for various product and services. As market penetration of internet is rising which leads to the growth of e-grocery sector in India. Social media has impacted the growth of online consumers dynamically in Tier I cities. Some e-commerce players came up with the online grocery market concept but not able to sustain which reflects about the dynamic environment toward e-grocery. E-grocery allows consumers to purchase grocery online throughRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Shopping Online1600 Words   |  7 PagesAdvantages [edit] Convenience Online stores are usually available 24 hours a day, and many consumers have Internet access both at work and at home. Other establishments such as internet cafes and schools provide access as well. A visit to a conventional retail store requires travel and must take place during business hours. In the event of a problem with the item – it is not what the consumer ordered, or it is not what they expected – consumers are concerned with the ease with which they can returnRead MoreOnline Shopping vs Brick and Mortar1459 Words   |  6 PagesOnline Shopping VS Brick and Mortar Ann Gove COMM/155 December 10, 2011 Marianne Raley Online shopping VS Brick and Mortar Does the idea of shopping in Italy, France, or Japan at 3:00 am in your pajamas while snuggled up on the couch sound like a good idea? Then internet shopping is the way to go. As of the first twenty five days of the November- December 2011 Holiday season internet sales totaled 12.7 billion dollars, that’s an increase of 15% since last year. Online shopping dominates theRead MoreOnline Shopping Vs Brick And Mortar1483 Words   |  6 PagesOnline Shopping vs Brick and Mortar Times are changing faster than ever. It seems like only yesterday that mail order catalogs, grocery stores, and shopping malls were the places to shop for items for our homes and our lives. As with all things, technology advances us to places we would have scoffed at in times past, and as technology advances, so do our shopping trends. Today, the high-energy bustle of the malls of America is dwindling down to lonely, dilapidated store fronts with â€Å"space for

Facilities Management Theory and Practice Assurance

Question: Discuss about the Facilities Management for Theory and Practice Assurance. Answer: Introduction: The current report intends to depict the pertinent failure related to Kingsley Read in arriving at the definite value of Plummet Travel Limited. Therefore, it covers whether due care has been properly exercised in the audit of Plummet Travel. In addition, the report portrays a vivid description of the contribution of Plummet Travel to the entire negligence. The focus of the case study is on due care and the person responsible for negligence has been identified. Thus, it enables the organisation to adopt pertinent measures, which might help in minimising the ramifications resulting in illegal or unethical actions. Thus, the measure utilised in due care primarily allows the firm to undertake pertinent actions for preventing illicit actions conducted on the part of its staffs. After careful investigation of the provided case study, it has been found that due care has not been properly utilised on the part of Kingsley Read while it has conducted the audit work of Plummet Travel. This is because the former has been appointed as an independent expert for carrying out its role. In addition, Kingsley Read has arranged program of standard work for testing the operating controls within the system. The motive behind undertaking these measures is to assure pertinent due care in the auditing procedure. However, Kingsley Read could not comprehend certain difficulties, which have been aroused after Plummet Travel has implemented the computer accounting system. Despite such unanticipated complexities, Kingsley Read has managed to conduct rightful audit adjustment and thus, the correct value of the audit report has been depicted. As commented by Alexander (2013), the due care negligence primarily prevents the organisations from unscrupulous measures taken on the part of its staffs along with limiting the legal actions on them. Thus, the organisations not practising due care are vulnerable to illicit actions, in case, their staffs are engaged in unscrupulous actions. Hence, it could be stated that Kingsley Read has exercised considerable due care while conducting the audit work of Plummet Travel. Thus, Kingsley Read could not be held liable for the issues encountered in the audit report. Contributory negligence: Based on the above evaluation, it has been found that Plummet Travel could not be blamed for the audit report negligence, since they have appointed a consultant for accurate file changeover. Moreover, the organisation primarily uses the computing system for enhancing its entire measures of accounting leading to unscrupulous actions. Therefore, the person to be blamed for the entire negligence is the appointed consultancy, since it has failed to transfer data into the computer system in an effective fashion. As laid out by Dennis (2015), the data conversion from one location to another requires concentration and consistency, which the competent professionals could achieve. However, from the case study, it has been found that the firm mainly appoints a consultancy that has incorrectly depicted the value of inventory. As a result, it has lead to unethical share value price of $1.10. Plummet Travel utilises consultancy and auditors for dissecting its methods of accounting. However, the organisation needs to incorporate new staffs for the utilisation of measures pertaining to accounting, which could have minimised the misstatement probability. However, the consultant utilisation has primarily enhanced the misstatement probability of related to auditing, since the firm has not accommodated a partner of audit for reviewing the conversion of data (Hardy, 2014). Hence, it could be inferred that Plummet Travel has been unaware of the entire misstatement related to inventory and it could not be held liable for the overall negligence. Duty of care: From the overall case evaluation, it has been found that Kingsley Read is not liable to provide duty of care to the parent company of New Zealand, since it has adopted all the pertinent steps. In accordance with the Duty of Care Act, the organisations not undertaking sufficient steps in minimising the unscrupulous process of the actions of the staffs need to be held liable. On the other hand, Kingsley Read has adopted all the necessary actions like considering an independent expert, gathering knowledge and continuing test on new system. However, Plummet Travel has appointed a consultant, which has been negligent in nature and thus, Kingsley Read could not be held responsible for any sort of due care. As mentioned by Stewart Shamdasani (2014), as per the duty of care act, the organisations following all the pertinent acts to restrict unscrupulous actions on the part of the staffs are not liable for any sort of negligence. However, the entire case study evaluation primarily depicts that Kingsley Read has not shown any sort of negligence related to due care to the parent company of New Zealand. Along with this, Kingsley Read has undertaken measures effectively such as providing training to the staffs and appointing an independent expert. As a result, it would help in nullifying the unethical practices conducted on the part of the parent company of New Zealand. Conclusion: The entire report has concentrated on determining that Kingsley Read could be held liable for the duty of care and hence, it could be sued on the part of the parent company of New Zealand. However, after the conduction of evaluation, it has been found that the parent company of New Zealand could not blame Plummet Travel in preparing its audit report. In addition to this, Plummet Travel is not liable for any negligence in misstatement, as the organisation has appointed a consultant that has misstated the valuation of inventory. In accordance with the Duty of Care Act, the organisations not undertaking sufficient steps in minimising the unscrupulous process of the actions of the staffs need to be held liable. On the other hand, Kingsley Read has adopted all the necessary actions like considering an independent expert, gathering knowledge and continuing test on new system. With the adoption of new technology, both Plummet Travel and Kingsley Read have not been able to gain an insight related to the conversion of data. Finally due negligence in relation to case law has primarily indicated that the organisation could be held partly liable for the problems arising out of unscrupulous conducts. References: Alexander, K. (2013).Facilities management: theory and practice. Routledge. Dennis, I. (2015).Auditing Theory. Routledge. Hardy, C. A. (2014). The messy matters of continuous assurance: Findings from exploratory research in Australia.Journal of Information Systems,28(2), 357-377. Stewart, D. W., Shamdasani, P. N. (2014).Focus groups: Theory and practice(Vol. 20). Sage publications.

Archudukes ... Wars In Europe Got A + Essays - Republics, Serbia

Archudukes ... Wars In Europe Got A + -Archduke Francis Ferdinardo of Austia Hungarywas killed in Sarajero,bosnia -The blackhand-wanted bosnia to be part of Serbia-not Austria Hungary. Serbia -Austria-Hungary lovedan Wtimatum to serbia. Russia appoted Serbia. -France & Germany. Russia wouldn't stop mobilingstroops & France supported Russia. -West- would go through Belgium an d attacked Pariz from behind. 7/8 1/8 will fight Russia if Russia attacked at the border. When France is beaten, the Germans will attack Russia. -Attack to the limits at the German border into Alsace-Loraine. France crit boe because red pants give cran & dan. It was crushed at the border. -French won. France attacked the German outside Pariz. -Both sides tried to get around eachother digging trouches as they went. -Battle of Famneburey. -Battle of Verdum. To bleed white France. - Battle of the Somme. To relieve German preasure on the French. -Surface ships gave warning. -Submarinesu-boats gave no warning. -Lu*censored*ata. Penanded Germany to end submarine walfare. -Battle of Jutland Brittish won. -Germany resumed submarinewalfare, over US had said not to. -March revolution 1917, Nicholas -November revolution. Vladinia Lenin. Peace right now get Russia out of the war. -Civil war broke out, got shot by the Bulshovics. -German army from Russsia is used to defeat the Allies in the west brfore the US can make a diference. -Woochon Wilson. -Germany Austrihungary Bulganis & Turkey. -1w -It was overtrow & he was away. Rpublic. - Base fire. Nov 11, 1918 11:00am. -Us, Great britian, Italy, France. -Treaty of Versailles 1914 European History

Organization Structure, Processes and Design project on Magma Design Automation Essays

Organization Structure, Processes and Design project on Magma Design Automation Essays Organization Structure, Processes and Design project on Magma Design Automation Paper Organization Structure, Processes and Design project on Magma Design Automation Paper Magma Design Automation is a fast-growing provider of Electronic Design Automation (EDA) software and design services. The company was founded in 1997 on the concept of combining logic design and physical design into a single system to better address emerging deep sub-micron design challenges. MDA is headquartered in Silicon Valley and has a global network of sales support personnel. Magma markets and supports its products through sales and support centers in North America, Europe, Japan, India and Asia-Pacific nations. Magma has grown substantially over the years to achieve sales of over $75 million in 2003. Magmas mission To create and deliver the best EDA software products and solutions, encompassing IC design from concept to completion, enabling our customers commercial success. Magmas Products Magma Design Automation provides electronic design automation (EDA) software that enables chip designers to meet critical time-to-market objectives, improve chip performance and handle multimillion-gate designs. Key products include Blast Create(tm), Blast Plan(tm), Blast Fusion(r) and Blast Noise(r). Magma software products comprise the only truly integrated RTL-to-GDSII design flow. Magmas Customers Magma licenses its design automation software to semiconductor manufacturers and electronic products companies around the world. Among them: Broadcom, Infineon, NEC, Texas Instruments, Toshiba and Vitesse. Need to expand operations ASIC/VLSI development business was rapidly shifting its base from US to India in the later half of 90s. As they form the main customers of Magma, it also needed to follow the change. The main reasons for the start of the Indian operations are: 1. Close proximity to the clients: Magma caters to the multinational companies like Texas Instruments etc, globally. So to support these operations they also have to start their operation in India. 2. High quality manpower and low cost: The availability of the pool of talented engineers in India at low cost was also a reason for the shift. 3. Faster Response Time: Being present locally will also provide the faster response time for the maintenance and support. With these considerations in mind, the company opened its first Indian office at Bangalore in May 2003 with an initial work force of 25 people. The operative goals of the Indian operations are: 1. To upgrade its Indian operations so that it can cater to the Asia-pacific market and Japan, and at a later stage to European market as well. 2. To be amongst the top 3 EDA providers in India. 3. To provide new product development via its RD department for global operations so as to move up in the value hierarchy. Magma India is a part of a Global Matrix structure. The matrix structure helps the company to coordinate between the Indian operation and the parent company in both the product development as well as business development in whole of the globe. The company has three major departments viz. RD, Product Engineering and Field Application Engineering, along with support departments of Finance, Human Resource Development, Information Technology and Marketing. The company has a dual reporting structure with the team in India working alongside the team in the different regions on the same product. Various divisions in different operations Organization structure of Magma design automation Work flows in Magma with the use of cross-functional teams, chosen on geographical and divisional basis as required by the project. The criterion for choosing the group leader is technical expertise. The employees then work on this temporary team till the project is completed. The employees keep moving from one project to another in this fashion in the same division. Each employee thus has a dual reporting structure. He reports to his project lead, in most cases in U.S., as well as the divisional head in India. The organization structure and design of Magma is mainly determined by five factors Organization Strategy and Goals External environment Organization life cycle and size Organizational Culture Technology Magma India follows a differentiation strategy for interacting with its competitive environment and in order to achieve organizational goals. The company attempts to distinguish its products from others in the EDA industry. The products of Magma India are differentiated on the basis of technology, architecture and the features offered by them. The EDA tools offered by Magma are of high quality and they are priced high. Magma is committed to differentiate its products from others in the industry and for this it invests heavily in RD, product research and has got tie ups with other companies to market its products. In order to differentiate its products and to keep a competitive edge, Magma has got a strong RD division. Magma has got a strong customer focus and its FAE department continuously interacts with customers. IT also sends its RD people to customer sites and forms cross-functional teams, if there is such a requirement, at the customer site. Thus, Magma India wants to have the structure and culture of a learning organization and rewards its employees for creativity and innovation. The organizations ability to be flexible is constrained by its divisional architecture. This can be a severe problem as Magma India grows in size. To overcome the disadvantages of the divisional structure in the long term, it should establish strong formal horizontal linkages between divisions. This will increase coordination and add flexibility to the organization. The sector in which Magma India is operating is highly dynamic with lots of activity going on. On one hand small companies are coming fast to fill the niche whereas the old companies are consolidating to retain their matte. Also the environment becomes highly unstable due to the extensive dependence of this sector on the emerging technology. Its main competitors are Cadence, Synopsis, and Mentor Graphics etc. The requirements of the customer are also changing i.e. change of the design due to advent of nanometer technology. There are only a few number of external complexities that means only few external elements are relevant to the company. For Magma, these are changes in technology and clients. Therefore the company is in simple environmental complexity and unstable environmental change. Therefore company shares a moderate to high uncertainty.

Godfrey Hounsfeild Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Godfrey Hounsfeild - Essay Example Furthering his career, he was employed at the Central Research Laboratories of the Electronic and Music Industry spearheading the completion of "Britain's first large solid-state computer and eventually adapting that design for use in transistors." These experiences ushered him to the idea of building the CT scanner. During 1967, Hounsfield hit the idea of building a computer-assisted tomography (CT) scanner, a computer which will aid in the analysis of X-ray data. His invention surpassed the traditional X-ray by presenting a more accurate picture of any organ in the human body. His device "use information from many X-ray scans of the same area, taken at different angles, to generate a composite image." Furthermore, this new machine is more convenient for patients as they can comfortably lie on their back during the whole examination. The precision and sensitivity of the CT scan made it important in the diagnosis and treatment of nuerological disorder. The revolution in technology facilitates the invention of more advanced CT scanners which can build images in less than a second and allows better spiral scanning.

The Appealing Nature of Formulating and Practical Strategies Personal Statement - 3

The Appealing Nature of Formulating and Practical Strategies - Personal Statement Example My profound interest in Business and economics dates back to my teenage years. My father was an Economists. In the course of trying to understand his field of work, I was fascinated by the complex security exchange trading systems in which he spotlighted on. Also, I was fascinated by intricate economic platforms such as online investment hedge funds that were coming up at the time. Owing to my fascination with the subject, Economics as a discipline will equip me with adequate knowledge to master market functionality and enable me to develop skills inherent in my personal endeavors in the business world. The problem-solving aspect of effective management strategies further triggers my concealed curiosity in this course. I have gained a lot from my involvement in various student supporting programs. During my final year in intermediate school, I was fortunate enough to secure an internship at a giant high-tech company in China last summer. All through my internship period, I served in both finance and administration departments. The opportunity provided me with a chance to understand how various systems work together within an organization to effectively enhance its overall performance. My attention climaxed during my field days where I got an opportunity to carry out financial modeling with some experts in the field. I was able to familiarize with policy formulation, an essential component of any institution. My school is described best as welcoming as its environment enabled me to participate actively in all school activities, and I also organized and participated in various functions. As a part of the student council, I represented my faculty in most recreational and sporting activities. I was a member of the school track team and during that period, I managed to secure several trophies.

A Comparative Study of the European Pharmaceutical Industry Essay Example for Free

A Comparative Study of the European Pharmaceutical Industry Essay Having healthy citizens is vital to the development of a country. Introducing effective and new methods of using drugs is the key to the improvement of an individual’s quality of life, which could minimize the amount of confinement and medical intervention (House of Commons 2005: 3). In the economy of Great Britain, the pharmaceutical industry is the third most viable income generator next to tourism and finance. Although the United States is still the leader as far as the pharmaceuticals industry is concerned, the United Kingdom remains as the vanguard of the industry in Europe. It constitutes 10% of pharmaceutical research development costs in the world. According to estimates, the United Kingdom funds 65% of all health-related research development (House of Commons 2005: 3). The State of European Pharmaceutical Industry Since the 19th century, the pharmaceuticals industry has been the vanguard of the European industry, providing the biggest contribution to the European trade balance in the field of high technology and research development. However, when compared to the United States, the pharmaceutical industry would find itself in the losing end (Gambardella.  Orsenigo and Pammolli 2000: 1). During the last twenty years, the industry has been marked with vital changes in its structure as a result of technological and institutional shocks that had a great impact on its value chain. Consequently, this paved the way for changes in the firms’ composition as well as in the structure of the market in both regional and global perspective (Gambardella. Orsenigo and Pammolli 2000: 1). At the onset of the 1990s, the American and European market were on equal footing dominating about one-third of the pharmaceutical market in the world. However, the United States has steadily increased to 50% with the European industry lagging behind at 21%. Aside from that, many drug manufacturers based in Europe have transferred their research development facility to the United States. According to Mark McCllelan, Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the United States constitute 50% of global pharmaceutical industry (Silverthorne 2003). Trends on the Pharmaceutical Industry In 1998, the industry size for pharmaceutical products was pegged at $310 billion and increased to $335 billion a year later. There are two kinds of pharmaceutical products being sold in the market; namely, prescription-based and over-the-counter medicines. Approximately 60% of global pharmaceutical sales accounts are devoted on the former, with the remaining 40% devoted on the latter (Harris n. d. ). Most of the global sales generated by the industry came from U. S. -based pharmaceutical companies. In 1999, the industry had a projected income of $140 billion wherein 65% of sales come from domestic operations and the remaining 35% from foreign clients. In the United States, pharmaceutical expenditures as part of overall cost of health care have increased from 4. % to 7. 2% since 1985 (Harris n. d. ). The United States comprises 40% of global pharmaceutical sales, followed by Europe and Japan at 32% and 24%, respectively. Other countries comprise 4% of worldwide sales as the industry is expected to pick up in developing countries (Harris n. d. ). A series of studies have found that Europe is way behind the United States in the pharmaceutical industry. For instance, in 2000, Alfonso Gambardella, Luigi Orsenigo, and Fabio Pammolli conducted a study focusing on the competitiveness of Europe’s pharmaceutical sector (cited in Kobelt 2006: 3). For this study, the authors used several indicators such as â€Å"patent application, approved new molecular entities (NMEs), research expenditure, science provided by universities, and marker share† (Gambardella, Orsenigo, and Pammolli 2000 cited in Kobelt 2006: 3). It was revealed that when it comes to exports and consumption, the United States has already surpassed Europe. This is the key to the implementation of the G-10 review process (Gambardella, Orsenigo, and Pammolli 2000 cited in Kobelt 2006: 3). In addition, a study conducted by Oliver Schoffski (2002) discovered two points that favor the American pharmaceutical industry in the aspect of marketing and research investment (cited in Kobelt 2006: 3). According to Schoffski (2002), there is a huge difference between the dynamics of the market of the various European Union countries with that of the United States on the aspect of introducing a new drug to the market (cited in Kobelt 2006: 3). The study concludes that these structural differences are the reason for the pronounced market dynamics of the American pharmaceutical industry when compared with Europe. According to the study, the US pharmaceutical industry is more attractive than the European market because of its advanced â€Å"scientific and entrepreneurial culture† and the availability of its talent pool, specifically in the Boston area (Schoffski 2002 cited in Kobelt 2006: 3). Some Light in the Tunnel However, not everything is gloomy as far as the European Union’s pharmaceutical industry is concerned. When it comes to profitability, which is a strong indicator of competitiveness, European pharmaceutical firms rank among the most profitable in the world. In 2005, GlaxoSmithKline ranked next to Johnson Johnson’s $10. 4 billion dollars in terms of profitability (Kobelt 2006: 4). Novartis, Roche, and AstraZeneca, with net incomes of $6. 1 billion, $5. 4 billion, and $4. 7 billion respectively, followed American pharmaceutical firm Pfizer. The year 2005 was a banner year for European firms in terms of turnover and income (Kobelt 2006: 4). After a period of underperformance, the European pharmaceutical industry picked up ground and increased by 30%. In contrast, American stocks looked less impressive and underperformed by 9 percent. Employment opportunities in the industry went up by 17% from 1990 to 2004. From 2000 to 2004 alone, almost 50,000 jobs were created, most of which were newly established (Kobelt 2006: 4). IMS Health likewise revealed that the European pharmaceutical industry experienced rapid growth compared to their North American counterparts on the aspect of competitiveness and innovation. For some experts, European pharmaceutical firms can be comparable with American firms on the aspect of innovation and competitiveness (Kobelt 2006: 4). The Structure of the Pharmaceutical Industry The European pharmaceutical industry works as a system or network. Innovation, production, and commercialization of drugs depends on a wide range of players such as various kinds of firms, research organizations and facilities, financial institutions, regulating agencies, to name just a few. Each player is connected together through a network of varying relationships, which may involve market transaction, â€Å"command and control† administrative rules, and various intermediate forms (Gambardella, Orsenigo, and Pammolli 2000: 2). Thus, in order to assess the competitiveness of the industry, one would likewise have to consider a wide range of institutions, infrastructures, and policies that have an impact on the action of firms. The situation is aggravated by the fact that there is a proliferation of various kinds of firms. In fact, multinational companies comprise 40 to 60% of most national markets in the developed countries (Gambardella, Orsenigo, and Pammolli 2000: 2). While the pharmaceutical industry is organized globally, part of the environment in which it thrives in is country-specific. Each nation has its own health care system with separate rules and regulations depending on the industrial policy of that country. Majority of the European countries adopt one of two basic health system model; first, the comprehensive social insurance system which is followed by Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and France; and second, national health service model with public funding, which is adopted by the United Kingdom, Italy, and Sweden (Hutton et al 1994: 100). The European pharmaceutical industry is known for being innovative and competitive. The most notable names in the sector are involved in research and development. They are responsible for generating income, investments, and job opportunities (Kobelt 2006: 1). Aside from its economic worth, the pharmaceutical industry has a vital role in ensuring and further advancing public health and creating medicines that the community needs to cure diseases, decrease health obstacles and guarantee that the people are assured of sustainable healthcare for existing and coming generations (Kobelt 2006: 1). There are two kinds of firms that thrive on the pharmaceutical industry. The first one consists of the smaller companies specializing in the selling of non-R D intensive drugs. The job of these firms is to implement manufacturing and commercialization activities and does not put money in research development. Usually, they are national companies that completely function in their own market (Gambardella, Orsenigo, and Pammolli 2000: 2). During the last two decades, a new set of companies have proliferated in the industry. They have conducted an intensive research which has resulted from fresh opportunities brought by the field of life science. They are known as new biotechnology firms. Their specialty is on developing new biotechnology and their activities may involve discovering and developing new drug compounds to the introduction of new drug screening or research tools and technologies in sectors like genomics, bioinformatics, etc. (Gambardella, Orsenigo, and Pammolli 2000: 2). Regulating the Industry The European pharmaceutical market is a regulated industry. There are two factors that are affected by regulatory measures, namely, the supply and demand. The former can be used separately from the pharmaceutical firm in order to have an impact on those who are in charge of marketing products. Registration is considered as a technical and scientific in most states, but it is the most powerful way to control the economy because it can segregate the product from the market. However, there is still a need to determine whether a product registration system can be cost-effective (Hutton et al 1994: 102). The most common way of regulation in the European pharmaceutical industry is price-based regulation. In countries like France, Italy, Sweden, Belgium, and Switzerland, the cost of reimbursement must be agreed upon prior to marketing the registered product. In majority of European Union member countries, the government has control of price increases throughout the marketing life of a product (Hutton et al 1994: 103). Long ago, pharmaceutical firms were permitted to pass any increase in the cost, but recently however, governments have implemented strict rules when it comes to freezing the price of existing products, as in the case of Switzerland and Italy in 1992 and 1993, respectively (Hutton et al 1994: 103). With the exception of the United Kingdom and Spain, which utilize company profitability as the criteria for control, all other countries use price-based regulation. In the UK and Spain, pharmaceutical companies have the freedom to set their own prices in order to obtain the total rate of profit (Hutton et al 1994: 103). On the other hand, the aim of regulating the demand is to influence the behaviour of the entities responsible for demand generation for drugs such as pharmacists, doctors, and patients. Presently, reimbursement limitations and fixed budgets for drugs are now being utilized. One would usually find positive or negative listings. In France, Denmark, Belgium, Italy, Greece, and Spain, the positive listing is used while in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Germany, the negative list-drugs are being followed (Hutton et al 1994: 103). The Future of the Pharmaceutical Industry in Europe The European Union has clearly pointed out that in order to maintain a competitive atmosphere and be in touch with globalization where countries like China and India can pose a challenge, they need to focus on innovation by investing in cutting-edge technologies and make sure that it retains its position as an attractive venue for foreign direct investment (Kobelt 2006: 2). The European Union, through its Lisbon Agenda has braced itself to become the â€Å"most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy by 2010† (Kobelt 2006: 2). Taking the lead is Brussels, which has initiated several policies, among them â€Å"better regulation† to reduce the current and future EU legislations on businesses (Kobelt 2006: 2). The pharmaceutical industry is one of the primary focuses in Europe’s attempts to make the region competitive (Kobelt 2006: 2). In June 2002, the G-10 was established and in its final report made 14 recommendations on how they can improve the competitiveness of the European pharmaceutical industry. Some of these recommended policy changes have already been implemented and embedded in the EU strategy (Kobelt 2006: 2). In the aspect of pharmaceutical, the EU will likewise implement the â€Å"High Level Pharmaceutical Forum† involving representatives of member states and industry stakeholders (Kobelt 2006: 2). The delegates have promised to work on the following areas: 1) sharing of information; 2) determining the effectiveness of treatment; and 3) costing reimbursement in order to foster innovation and competitiveness (Kobelt 2006: 2). One of the most glaring trends in the field of pharmaceuticals is high growth rate, and as numerous factors suggest, this trend will most likely continue. Advancements in science and technology, particularly in the area of health care, have led to an increase in life expectancy especially in the industrialized countries (Davidson and Greblov 2005: 5). According to the results of various studies, a huge portion of the elderly is deprived of proper health care. In the United States, for example, only 1/3 of the elderly population needing medical treatment for high cholesterol is actually being given sufficient treatment. New health care programs and benefits will increase the accessibility of prescription drugs to senior citizens, which will consequently lead to increased pharmaceutical sales (Davidson and Greblov 2005: 5). Biotechnology provides another promising aspect for the future of the pharmaceutical industry in Europe. Biotech drugs constitute 10 to 15% of the present pharmaceutical industry, and the sector is surpassing the performance of the whole market in the aspect of growth. However, the industry must address critical issues first (Wood 2008). The main problem with biotechnology is that it is a complicated process which can make it quite challenging for drug manufacturers to convince physicians to prescribe and use them. In European countries like France, chemical generics prescription is quite unpopular so it would be a difficult task for governments to advance this method (Wood 2008). Conclusion Since the 19th century, the pharmaceuticals industry has been the vanguard of the European industry, providing the biggest contribution to the European trade balance in the field of high technology and research development. However, when compared to the United States, the pharmaceutical industry would find itself in the losing end. During the last twenty years, the industry has been marked with vital changes in its structure as a result of technological and institutional shocks that had a great impact on its value chain. Consequently, this paved the way for changes in the firms’ composition as well as in the structure of the market in both regional and global perspective. A series of studies have found that Europe is way behind the United States in the pharmaceutical industry. In a 2000 report focusing on the competitiveness of Europe’s pharmaceutical sector, when it comes to exports and consumption, it was revealed that the United States has already surpassed Europe. The European Union, through its Lisbon Agenda has braced itself to become the â€Å"most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy by 2010†. Taking the lead is Brussels, which has initiated several policies, among them â€Å"better regulation† to reduce the current and future EU legislations on businesses. The pharmaceutical industry is one of the primary focuses in Europe’s attempts to make the region competitive. According to the results of various studies, a huge portion of the elderly is deprived of proper health care. In the United States, for example, only 1/3 of the elderly population needing medical treatment for high cholesterol is actually being given sufficient treatment. New health care programs and benefits will increase the accessibility of prescription drugs to senior citizens, which will consequently led to increased pharmaceutical sales. Biotechnology provides another promising aspect for the future of the pharmaceutical industry in Europe. Biotech drugs constitute 10 to 15% of the present pharmaceutical industry and the sector is surpassing the performance of the whole market in the aspect of growth. However, the industry must address critical issues first. The main problem with biotechnology is that it is a complicated process which can make it quite challenging for drug manufacturers to convince physicians to prescribe and use them. In European countries like France, chemical generics prescription is quite unpopular so it would be a difficult task for governments to advance this method.

Analysis of Lust, by Susan Minot Essay -- Lust Essays

"They turn casually to look at you, distracted, and get a mild distracted surprise, you're gone. Their blank look tells you that the girl they were fucking is not there anymore. You seem to have disappeared.(pg.263)" In Minot's story Lust you are play by play given the sequential events of a fifteen year old girls sex life. As portrayed by her thoughts after sex in this passage the girl is overly casual about the act of sex and years ahead of her time in her awareness of her actions. Minot's unique way of revealing to the reader the wild excursions done by this young promiscuous adolescent proves that she devalues the sacred act of sex. Furthermore, the manner in which the author illustrates to the reader these acts symbolizes the likeness of a list. Whether it's a list of things to do on the weekend or perhaps items of groceries which need to be picked up, her lust for each one of the boys in the story is about as well thought out and meaningful as each item which has carelessl y and spontaneously been thrown on to a sheet of paper as is done in making a list. This symbolistic writing style is used to show how meaningless these relationships were but the deeper meaning of why she acted the way she did is revealed throughout the story. Minot cleverly displayed these catalysts in between the listings of her relationships. One of the main factors of this was the neglect of her parents. It was not stated directly but the fact that her parents did not know what was g...

Hamlets Madness Essay

I do not believe that Hamlet is going mad nor insane. I think that he was just putting on an act of madness to convince people he was going insane in order to carry out his revenge on Claudius. If it wasn’t for Hamlet’s feigned madness the Claudius would have obviously known that something was up and would have possibly had Hamlet killed. Hamlet only acted mad or insane around certain people. In his private conversations with Horatio there was no signs of insanity with the way he was talking to him. Hamlet tells Horatio â€Å"How strange or odd soe’er I bear myself, As I, perchance, hereafter shall think meet To put on an antic disposition on, – That you, at such times seeing me, never shall, With arms encumber’d thus. Or this headshake, Or by pronouncing of some doubtful phrase. â€Å"(Ham. 2. 5. 170-175). In this phrase He is telling Horatio that he is going to feign madness, and that if he notices any strange behavior that he is putting on an act. This is proof that he is neither mad nor insane. He basically has stated he is going to act mad. As soon as someone appears, whom he wants to convince he is mad, he changes his behavior to put in his or her minds different explanations of his irrational behavior. He changes from rational speech to irrational conversations with those he wishes to convince he is mad. With Rosencrantz and Guildenstern he makes them believe that the reason for his behavior is frustrated ambition. In act 2 scene 2 Rosencrantz says â€Å"Why, then, your ambition makes it one; ’tis too narrow for your mind. â€Å"(Ham. 2. 2. 241-242). Then Hamlet says â€Å"O God, I could be bounded in a nutshell, and count myself a king of infinite space, were it not that I have bad dreams. â€Å"(Ham 2. 2. 243-244) Then Guildenstern states â€Å"Which dreams, indeed, are ambition; fro the very substance of the ambitious is merely the shadow of a dream. â€Å"(Ham. 2. 2. 245-246). Hamlet wants to make the King and Queen believe that the death of his father and their marriage is the reason for his madness. The Queen states â€Å"I doubt it is no other but the main, – His father’s death and our o’ hasty marriage. (Ham. 2. 2. 56-57). Hamlet want s to make Polonius and Ophelia believe that it is his love for Ophelia that has driven him mad. This is revealed when Ophelia speaks with Polonius about Hamlet’s encounter with her (Ham. 2. 2 75-108). In the phrase â€Å"I am but mad north by northwest, when the wind is southernly I know a hawk from a handsaw†(Ham. 2. 2. 347-348) Hamlet is stating that North is normal and that â€Å"North by Northwest† means that he is only slightly insane. Once Claudius thought he was insane he was safe to carry out the rest of his plan. In the Soliloquy, â€Å"To be or not to be† (Ham. 3. 1. 56-90) Hamlet knew that he was being watched by the King while talking to Ophelia. This was his chance to convince the King that he was insane. I believe that Hamlet may have crossed the line into true madness a few times. For example when Hamlet slays Polonius he has no feelings of remorse. This is evidenced by Hamlet’s words â€Å"Thou wretched, rash, intruding fool, farewell! I took thy fortune thou findst to be too busy in some danger†(Ham. 3. 4. 32-34). After Hamlet kills Polonius he will not tell anyone where the body is. Instead he says â€Å"not where he eats, but where he is eaten, a certain convocation of political worms a e’en at him†(Ham 4. 3. 20-21). Hamlet also is aware of his dissolving insanity as he tells Laertes that he killed Polonius â€Å"in a fit of madness†(Ham. 5. 2. 236-250). In the scene where he is with his mother he also has a violent out burst. He is very cruel towards he and clenches her throat in anger. He sees his father’s ghost while with his mother. His mother does not see him. All of the other times someone has seen the ghost when it has appeared. This may be a sign that Hamlet experiencing true madness. â€Å"On him, on him: Look O you how pale he glares! His form and cause conjoured, preaching to stones would make them capable (Ham. 3. 4. 126-128. In conclusion I believe that Hamlet’s madness or insanity throughout the play is being acted. However I do believe that in the end Hamlet drives himself over the edge when he kills Polonius and his true anger shows. Hamlet crossed that line into true madness a few times in this play. I believe that this was not a good way to go about getting revenge on Claudius. There was too much of a delay and in the end Hamlet lost by losing his life too.

Major Threats in Sell-Side E-Commerce Free Essay Example, 2500 words

Sell-side e-commerce security has some key issues, as well, which are presented by these ethical issues (Berthon et al 266). They are a redirection of data, interception of data, exploitable program errors, identification of parties and being the weakest link in security (Shivani and Grewal 170). The threats to e-commerce servers can be categorized as either (1) transmission threats, or (2) malicious code threats. Malicious Code AttacksViruses and WormsThe most ordinary threats in this category are viruses and worms. In today s media, we always hear about these phrases (Miller 67). A virus requires a host of some kind so as to cause harm to the system (Shivani and Grewal 170). A worm does not require a host to replicate it can replicate itself online and can infect millions of PC on a worldwide basis in only a matter of hours (Yi 98). Trojan HorsesA Trojan horse, in contrast, is a programming code, which is covered behind another program and can execute stealthy, malicious functions (Berthon et al 266). For instance, an e-commerce server can present a nice-looking wallpaper, but behind that can be a hidden code causing harm to the system (Miller 67). Transmission ThreatsDenial of Service AttacksThe key intention of a denial of service attack is to disallow the buy-side the services offered on the e-commerce server (Shivani and Grewal 170). We will write a custom essay sample on Major Threats in Sell-Side E-Commerce or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page